Electronic configuration detailed

The detailed electronic configurations for the elements atomic numbers 5 5-86 can be obtained from the periodic table and are shown below in Table 1.5. 

Soon after Bohr developed his initial configuration Arnold Sommerfeld in Munich realized the need to characterize the stationary states of the electron in the hydrogen atom by. means of a second quantum number—the so-called angular-momentum quantum number, Bohr immediately applied this discovery to many-electron atoms and in 1922 produced a set of more detailed electronic configurations. In turn, Sommerfeld went on to discover the third or inner, quantum number, thus enabling the British physicist Edmund Stoner to come up with an even more refined set of electronic configurations in 1924. 

Table 17-6 Detailed Electron Configuration of the First 20 Elements...

An effective way to determine the detailed electron configuration of any element is to use the periodic table to determine which subshell to fill next. Each s subshell holds a maximum of 2 electrons each p subshell holds a maximum of 6 electrons each d subshell holds a maximum of 10 electrons and each / subshell holds a maximum of 14 electrons (Table 17-5). These numbers match the numbers of elements in a given period in the various blocks. To get the electron configuration, start at hydrogen (atomic number = 1) and continue in order of atomic number, using the periodic table of Fig. 17-10. 

EXAMPLE 17.12. Determine the detailed electron configuration of sodium. 

Write the detailed electron configuration for Kr in shortened form. 

For proteins whose structure is known by means of crystallographic studies, Mossbauer spectroscopy and studies by electron paramagnetic resonance afford an opportunity to determine the detailed electronic configurations, a necessary step towards the chemical basis of protein function. 

Using sets of quantum numbers from Table 4.2, write the detailed electronic configuration of fluorine. 

Detailed electronic configurations of elements give the subshells in increasing order of energies with the number of electrons occupying each subshell as a right superscript. 

The elements display a periodicity of electronic conf uration. For example, if we examine the detailed electronic configurations of the alkali metals, we find that the outermost shell (specifically, the s subshell) of electrons contains only a single electron in each case. The alkahne earth metals have two outermost electrons. The elements within each other group of the periodic table also have similarities in their outermost electronic configurations. We deduce that the outermost part of the electronic configuration is the main factor that determines the chemical properties of the elements because the periodic table was constructed from data about the properties of the elements. 

Using the periodic table as an aid, write the detailed electronic configuration for each of the following elements ... 

Practice Problem 5.3 Write the detailed electronic configuration of the oxide ion,. ... 

EXAMPLE 4.12. Using the periodic table, determine the detailed electronic configuration of magnesium. 

Write detailed electronic configurations for (a) N, (b) P, (c) As, and (d) Sb. What makes their chemical properties similar ... 

Write the detailed electronic configuration for La (atomic number = 57) in shortened form. 

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