Electron addition energy

Fig. 11. A and (electron removal and electron addition energies) for the lanthanide metals (Lang et al. 1981).

These results do not agree with experimental results. At room temperature, while the translational motion of diatomic molecules may be treated classically, the rotation and vibration have quantum attributes. In addition, quantum mechanically one should also consider the electronic degrees of freedom. However, typical electronic excitation energies are very large compared to k T (they are of the order of a few electronvolts, and 1 eV corresponds to 10 000 K). Such internal degrees of freedom are considered frozen, and an electronic cloud in a diatomic molecule is assumed to be in its ground state f with degeneracy g. The two nuclei A and... 

Since the electronic kinetic energy f= fj operator is also one-electron additive, so is the mean-field... 

In many electron atoms the maximum contributions to the polarizability and to London forces arise from configurations with more than one electron contributing to the net dipole moment of the atom. But in such configurations the electronic repulsion is especially high. The physical meaning to be attributed to the Qkl terms is just the additional electron repulsive energy which these configurations require. 

Addition polymerization, 148 Air + carbon dioxide, 96, 107, 111 second virial coefficient, 111 Air + ice system, 98 Alkali metals, electronic correlation energy, 252... 

To describe the band structure of metals, we use the approach employed above to describe the bonding in molecules. First, we consider a chain of two atoms. The result is the same as that obtained for a homonuclear diatomic molecule we find two energy levels, the lower one bonding and the upper one antibonding. Upon adding additional atoms, we obtain an additional energy level per added electron, until a continuous band arises (Fig. 6.9). To describe the electron band of a metal in a... 

Almost all living creatures require oxygen to act as the ultimate electron acceptor in a series of chemical reactions. In these, oxygen is reduced to the level of water and the bond energy of the substrates thus concommi-tandy oxidized is liberated. Oxygen is able to perform these functions because it can be progressively oxidized by successive one-electron additions, but it is this property that provides the basis for the toxicity associated... 

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