Electrolytes, binary, equilibrium properties

A review is presented of techniques for the correlation and prediction of vapor-liquid equilibrium data in systems consisting of two volatile components and a salt dissolved in the liquid phase, and for the testing of such data for thermodynamic consistency. The complex interactions comprising salt effect in systems which in effect consist of a concentrated electrolyte in a mixed solvent composed of two liquid components, one or both of which may be polar, are discussed. The difficulties inherent in their characterization and quantitative treatment are described. Attempts to correlate, predict, and test data for thermodynamic consistency in such systems are reviewed under the following headings correlation at fixed liquid composition, extension to entire liquid composition range, prediction from pure-component properties, use of correlations based on the Gibbs-Duhem equation, and the recent special binary approach. 

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