Electrode potential diagrams

Scheme 4. Standard electrode potential diagrams for oxygen in equilibrium with water and hydrogen peroxide. ...

The standard electrode potentials, E, for such reduction reactions are related to the free energy change for the process by equation 5.3. Since some elements may exist in a number of different oxidation states, it is possible to construct electrode potential diagrams, sometimes called Latimer diagrams, relating the various oxidation states by their redox potentials. Examples are shown in Figure 5.6 for aqueous solutions of some first-row d-block metals and for some actinides in 1 mol dm acid. In cases where the reduction involves oxide or hydroxide ions bound to... 

Figure 42. Electrode potential diagram for hydrogen peroxide system.

Fig. 10.6.5. Electrode potential diagrams for three phases (a) desorption phase, (b) ordered phase , and (c) disordered phase , with corresponding schematic illustrations and typical STM images, (a) electrode potential = —0.60 V. (b)...

Fig. 10.8 Steady-state log (current)-electrode potential diagram for a metal M corroding via hydrogen evolution. Both electrode processes are under activation control. The diagram shows the definition of corrosion current i corr the corrosion potential Ecokr The reversible potential and corresponding to the exchange currents i and io for the single electrode reactions are also shown together with the cathodic polarization rj = corr E and the anodic polarization = corr E. ...

Figure 22.22 The electrode potential diagram for the catalysis of the reaction SjOg - + 2F -...

The following sketch is called an electrode potential diagram. Such diagrams summarize electrode potential data more efficiently than do listings such as that in Appendix D. In this diagram for bromine and its ions in basic solution,... 

EXAMPLE 22-1 Using an Electrode Potential Diagram to Determine E° for a Half-Reaction... 

Fluorine, the most electronegative element, adopts the -1 oxidation state in its compounds. The other halogens, when bonded to a more electronegative element such as oxygen, can have any one of several positive oxidation states +1, +3, +5, or +7. This variability of oxidation states, which was illustrated through electrode potential diagrams for chlorine (Fig. 22-4), is emphasized again by the oxoacids listed in Table 22.7. The structures of some of these... 

As in the corresponding discussion for the halogens (Section 22-3), oxidation-reduction chemistry is a primary concern here. To assist in this discussion, we provide electrode potential diagrams for some important sulfur-containing species in Figure 22-13. 

A portion of the standard electrode potential diagram of selenium is given below. What is the E° value for the reduction of H2Se03 to H2Se in 1M acid ... 

Use the following electrode potential diagram for basic solutions to classify each of the statements below as true or false. Assume standard conditions. 

Ionization energies are fairly constant across the first transition series. Values of the first ionization energies are about the same as for the group 2 metals. Standard electrode potentials gradually increase in value across the series. With the exception of the oxidation of Cu to Cu, however, all these elements are more readily oxidized than hydrogen. This means these metals reduce H (aq) to H2(g). Additional comments on electrode potentials, some supported by electrode potential diagrams, are found throughout the chapter. 

The electrode potential diagram for manganese in acidic solutions in Figure 23-14 does not include a value of " for the reduction of Mn04 to Mn. Use other data in the figure to establish this E°, and compare your result with the value foimd in Table 19.1. 

Use data from the text to construct a standard electrode potential diagram relating the following chromium species in acidic solution. 

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