Electrochemical molecular recognition

Studies in the area of electrochemical molecular recognition deal with bifunctional receptor molecules that contain not only binding sites but also one or more redox-active centres whose electron transfer reaction is coupled to the receptor s complexation. Such systems can be described by the scheme of squares as shown in Scheme 1. 

Ideally the electrochemical molecular recognition process should result in a large shift of the redox potential of the host species. The minimum magnitude of a potential shift is gauged by experimental error. For most voltammetric techniques, this error is about 5 mV. According to (6), the potential shift is determined by the ratio KoxIKied. This ratio reflects the influence of the redox reaction upon complexation, in other words, the RCE. So far, the coupling has... 

The electrochemical properties of ferrocene have been utilized by many workers in the field of electrochemical molecular recognition. Saji (1986) showed that the previously synthesized (Biernat and Wilczewski, 1980) ferrocene crown ether molecule (Fig. 3 [1]), whose binding properties had previously been studied only by nmr and UV/Vis techniques (Akabori et al., 1983), could be used as an electrochemical sensor for alkali metal cations involving a combination of through-space and through-bond interactions. 

Beer, P. D., Gale, P. A., Chen, G.Z. (1999) Electrochemical molecular recognition Pathways between complexation and signalling, Dalton. Tram. 12, 1897-1909. 

Goldenberg, L.M. Skabara, P.J. Roberts. D.M. Ber-ridge. R. Orti, E. Viruela, P.M. Pou-Amerigo, R. Electrochemical molecular recognition of silver cation by electropolymerised thieno[3, 475,6][l,4]dithiiono[2,3-b]quinoxaline A joint experimental and theoretical study. J. Mater. Chem. 2000. 10. 2458-2465. 

Cheng, L., Zhang, J., Lin, Y, Wang, Q., Zhang, X., Ding, Y, Cui, H., Fan, H., 2015. An electrochemical molecular recognition-based aptasensor for multiple protein detection. Anal. Biochem. 491, 31-36. 

Another synthetic strategy is based on self-assembly driven by molecular recognition between complementary TT-donors and 7T-acceptors. Examples include the synthesis of catenanes and rotaxanes that can act as controUable molecular shuttles (6,236). The TT-donors in the shuttles are located in the dumb-beU shaped component of the rotaxane and the 7T-acceptors in the macrocycHc component, or vice versa. The shuttles may be switched by chemical, electrochemical, or photochemical means. 

J.-J. Xu, H.-Q. Fang, and H.-Y. Chen, The electrochemical characteristics of an inorganic monolayer film modified gold electrode and its molecular recognition of alkali metal cation. J. Electroanal. Chem. 426,139-143 (1997). 

Interface, the air-water, chirality and molecular recognition in monolayers at, 28, 45 Intermediates, reactive, study of, by electrochemical methods, 19, 131 Intermediates, tetrahedral, derived from carboxylic acids, spectroscopic detection and investigation of their properties, 21, 37 Intramolecular reactions, effective molarities for, 17, 183 Intramolecular reactions, of chain molecules, 22, 1... 

Interface, the air-water, chirality and molecular recognition in monolayers at, 28, 45 Intermediates, reactive, study of, by electrochemical methods, 19, 131... 

The molecular recognition of anionic guest species by positively chaiged or neutral receptors is a relatively new area of research of growing interest in view of the key roles that these anions play in biochemical and chemical processes. For this reason, as part of the electrochemical studies, we decided to examine the use of the redox-active ferrocenyl dendrimers 3 and 4 that contain multiple N-H linkages capable of participating in H-bonding, as well as characteristic internal cavities,... 

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