Electrochemical methods RRDEs

Electrochemical Methods Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) and Rotating Ring Disk Electrodes (RRDE)... 

Quantitative measurements of the coverage by Br d on Pt(lll) surface were obtained by purely electrochemical methods, as described in detail in Ref. [59]. Briefly, by utilizing the ring-shielding properties of the RRDE, Sect. 4.1.2.2, it was possible to determine the potential-dependent surface coverage by bromide and its electrosorption valence (y) on Pt(lll). The electrosorption valence... 

Cruser and Bard, 1969) and RRDE (Maloy et al., 1971) methods have been presented, so that the emission intensity and electrolysis current can be used to obtain information about the efficiency and pathway of the process. Finally, the electrochemical cells make small scale experiments possible and are especially amenable to vacuum line and dry box techniques. 

Electrochemical cell testing is a simple and convenient approach to measuring the ORR activity and H2O2 yield. Among numerous electrochemical techniques, the most important and widely used are the RDE and RRDE methods. 

A novel voltammetric technique based on the simultaneous dynamic potential control of both the disk and the ring electrodes of an RRDE is presented. The method of dual cyclic voltammetry has proven to be an especially promising method for studying the mechanisms of electrochemical processes. The new 3D representation of the data can be effectively used in order to reveal the formation of electroactive species at the disk electrode. By using appropriate potential programs, the selectivity and sensitivity of RRDE systems can be significantly increased. The results of some selected e>q)eriments have been discussed and some drawbacks of the technique have been pointed out. Numerical simulations have been carried out in order to study the cross-talk effects, and a method has been suggested for their reduction. 

When studying the mechanisms of electrochemical processes, one of the most convenient and widely used methods of determining the reaction pathway is an electrochemical assay of the reaction products using a rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]. The first RRDE was developed by Frumkin, Levich and their coworkers in 1959 [8]. 

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