Electric Field Generation and Charge Conduction

Mechanisms of Electric Field Generation and Charge Conduction 

The very high mobility of electrons relative to that of protons or other ions implies that electron translocation, associated with redox reactions, is 

MICHAEL N. BEHRY, ANTHONY R. QRIVELL. and PATRICIA G. WALLACE 

It is likely, therefore, that living systems possess mechanisms for vectorial conduction of not only the electrons, but also the protons which originate from various metabolic reactions. Important sources and sinks for protons are the numerous redox reactions which occur within the living cell. These generate or consume protons, depending on the direction of the reaction, e.g.  

Other major sources of protons within living cells are the reactions involving cleavage of the phosphate anhydride bonds of ATP (or other high-energy compounds). Thus the phosphorylation of glucose generates a proton  

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