Pottery Egyptian

Mallory-Greenough, L. M. and Greenough, J. D. D. (1998). New data for old pots trace element characterization of ancient Egyptian pottery using ICP-MS. Journal of Archaeological Science 25 85-97. 

Egyptian Pottery.—The memory of the earliest miscellaneous pottery of Egypt has been preserved through the instrumentality of hieroglyphics, which commence from the remote era of the third and fourth dynasties, before Christ 3000-2000, and represent vari-oua kinds of fictile vessels, the earliest of a red earthenware, in nse for the ordinary purposes of domestio life. A succession of these carious sepulchral pictures enables... 

With the advance of civilization, the potters of Egypt very considerably extended tire range of their operations, and introduced into their various productions many important Improvements. Egyptian pottery, however, does not appear at any time or under any circumstances to have aimed at a high art-character. It was a manufacture designed for purposes of practical utility, and its decorations were held to be altogether. 

Matson, Frederick R., Technological Studies of Egyptian Pottery—Modem... 

Among the technologies in existence by ca 4000 bc, which included the manufacture of synthetic lapis lazuli, the development of the first true pottery kilns must rate as a significant achievement (1). For polychrome pottery to be successfully manufactured, it was essential to separate the fire (fuel) from the work (clay pottery). The excavations performed in the near east (Mesopotamia in antiquity) indicate that these early kilns were probably of beehive construction. Subsequent Egyptian pottery kilns of the period ca 3000 BC were the familiar chimney shape. With the smelting of copper in pit hearths predating by perhaps a millenium millennium the start of the Bronze Age at ca 3000 BC, another important advance was the invention of the bellows at ca 2000 BC. Bellows supply combustion air where it is needed and are used as a means of raising furnace temperature. 

The fundamental goal in the production and appHcation of composite materials is to achieve a performance from the composite that is not available from the separate constituents or from other materials. The concept of improved performance is broad and includes increased strength or reinforcement of one material by the addition of another material. This is the well-known purpose in the alloying of metals and in the incorporation of chopped straw into clay for bricks by the ancient Egyptians and plant fibers into pottery by the Incas and Mayans. These ancient productions of composite materials consisted of reinforcing britde materials with fibrous substances. In both cases the mechanics of the reinforcement was such as to reduce and control the production of cracks in the brittle material during fabrication or drying (2). 

Product applications include the aerospace, automotive, chemical and petroleum industries eincient examples include pottery and glass vessels as well as Egyptian mummies. 

Enameling is an old and widelyadopted technology.19 The ancient Egyptians applied enamels to pottery and stone objects. The ancient Greeks, Celts, Russians, and Chinese also used enameling processes on metal objects.9... 

Egypt herself, the pottery of the Egyptians in many in the ease of the ancient Egyptians. In vases of ... 

The earliest and simplest pottery that the Egyptians dried clay. The models of coffins or mummy cases, ... 

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