Effect bismuth oxychloride

Bismuth oxychloride [7787-59-9]—Cl Pigment White 14, Cl No. 77163. A synthetically prepared white or nearly white amorphous or finely crystalline, odorless powder consisting principally of BiOCl. Bismuth oxychloride is synthetic pearl essence. It is used in Upstick, nail poHsh, eye makeup, and other cosmetics to produce a lustrous, pearly effect. 

Bismuth-containing special effect pigments based on platelet-shaped crystals of bismuth oxide chloride (bismuth oxychloride, BiOCl) have been known for a long time (see Section 5.3.1.3). 

The use of bismuth as a beauty care product dates back to antiquity and is still used in common cosmetic products. Bismuth oxychloride is used to impart a pearlescent effect to lipstick, nail varnish, eye shadow, and makeup powder. The resulting brilliance and luster surpasses that of a natural product, guanine, which is extracted from fish scales and is more costly. 

The oxychloride BiOCl is utilized in an odd application of bismuth. The compound can be crystallized as small plates with a diameter of less than 10 pm. The small crystals have a very high refractive index and, dispersed in nail varnish or ointment, a pearlescent effect. For that reason, bismuth oxychloride has been an important pigment for cosmetics. Annually more than 500 tonnes of bismuth is used for this purpose. 

Various types of pearlescent materials are used in decorative cosmetic products, such as bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl), which is a synthetic pearlescent in the form of octagonal platelets giving a very shiny metallic pearlescent effect. It offers strong covering effects and good adhesion to skin surface. It is soft and silky to the touch. However, due to its poor stability to light, it has a tendency to darken after prolonged exposure. 

Arsenic Peroxides. Arsenic peroxides have not been isolated however, elemental arsenic, and a great variety of arsenic compounds, have been found to be effective catalysts ia the epoxidation of olefins by aqueous hydrogen peroxide. Transient peroxoarsenic compounds are beheved to be iavolved ia these systems. Compounds that act as effective epoxidation catalysts iaclude arsenic trioxide, arsenic pentoxide, arsenious acid, arsenic acid, arsenic trichloride, arsenic oxychloride, triphenyl arsiae, phenylarsonic acid, and the arsenates of sodium, ammonium, and bismuth (56). To avoid having to dispose of the toxic residues of these reactions, the arsenic can be immobi1i2ed on a polystyrene resia (57). 

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