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Economical Aspects of Ozonation

Within the last fifteen years the cost-efficiency of the ozone production systems has improved dramatically. According to Kaulbach (1996) the key advances in this technology are  [Pg.33]

Considering the investment and operation costs, ozonation still is not a cheap technology. Although safe operation is no longer a problem, ozonation systems require considerable [Pg.33]

Field of Application Total no. of Plants % of Total Typical Ozone Dosage Unit of Ozone Dosage [Pg.34]

The number of ozone production plants built by German industrial companies from 1954-1997 as shown in Table 3-4 might be considered as an indicator of the economical importance of the use of ozone in full-scale applications, at least in Germany and some other European countries. Almost 90 % of these systems were set-up during the last 25 years, with an dramatic increase since 1991 (Bohme, 1999). For comparison it is also worth mentioning that in the USA only about 60 water works were using ozone in 1992 (Masschelein, 1994). [Pg.34]

In summary, an ozonation system from a customer s viewpoint has to meet the following technical and economical requirements  [Pg.34]


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Economical aspects

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