Echinocardium cordatum

Site no. Corophium volutator Arenicola marina Echinocardium cordatum C. elegans ... 

Cultivation of the heart urchin Echinocardium cordatum and validation of its use in marine toxicity testing for environmental risk assessment... 

Figures 2A and 2B Echinocardium cordatum. Blastula stage after 10 hours and echinopluteus larva with 4 arms 48...

Figures 2C and 2D Echinocardium cordatum. Echinopluteus larva with 6 pair skeletal arms after 6 days and larva with 8 arms just before postmetamorphic stage 23 days after fertilization at 15 2°C.

Figures 2E and 2F Echinocardium cordatum. Postmetamorphic larva stage after 31 days and juvenile heart urchin 44...

Beukema, J.J. (1985). Growth and dynamics in populations of Echinocardium cordatum living in the North Sea off the Dutch north coast, Netherlands Journal of Sea Research, 19, 129-134. 

Bowmer, C.T. (1993). Method for the assessment of acute toxicity of contaminated sediment using the burrowing heart vachm Echinocardium cordatum. Test Guideline for OSPAR sediment reworker ring test. Report IMW R93/317. 

Brils, J.M., Huwer, S.L., Kater, B.J., Schout, P.G., Harmsen, J., Delvigne, G.A.L. and Scholten, M.C.Th. (2002). Oil effect in fi eshly spiked marine sediment on Vibrio fischeri, Corophium volutator and Echinocardium cordatum. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 21, 2242-2251. 

Duineveld, G.C.A. and Jenness, M.I. (1984). Differences in growth rates of the sea urchin Echinocardium cordatum as estimated by the parameter to of the von Bertalanffy equation applied to skeletal rings. Marine Ecology Progress. Series, 19, 65-72. 

Kashenko, S.D. (1994). Larval development of the heart mchin Echinocardium cordatum different microalgae. Russian Journal of Marine Biology 20, 385-389. 

Laurin, B., David, B., De Ridder, C. (1988). Growth of Echinocardium cordatum test morphological variations. Proceedings of the 6 " International Symposium on Echinodermata, 19-22/9, pp 177-178. 

Nakamura, Y. (2001). Autoecology of the heart urchin, Echinocardium cordatum, in the muddy sediment of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan, Journal of Marine Biology, 81, 289-297. 

Schipper, C.A., Dubbeldam, M., Feist, S.W., Rietjens, I.M.C.M., Murk, A.J. (2008b). Cultivation of the heart urchin Echinocardium cordatum and validation of its use in marine toxicity testing for environmental risk assessment. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 364, 11-18. 

Schipper C.A., and M. Dubbeldam, Development of a bioassay with cultivated heart urchin Echinocardium cordatum. SETAC Europe annual meeting, 2006, The Hague, The Netherlands. 

N. K. Kochetkov, G. P. Smirnova, and N. V. Chekareva, Isolation and structural studies of a sulfated sialosphingolipid from the sea urchin Echinocardium cordatum, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 424 (1976) 274-283. 

Detailed spectroscopic analysis of the 3-hydroxytetrahydrothiopyran 1,1-dioxide 5, an oxidative degradation product of hedathiosulfonic acid A isolated from the deep-sea urchin Echinocardium cordatum, provided invaluable data for the determination of the stereostructure of the parent thiosulfonic acid <2002T6405>. 

A sulphated sialosphingolipid has been isolated from the gonads of the sea urchin Echinocardium cordatum Methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, and hydrolysis with neuraminidase established its structure as the sialic acid 8-sulphate-(2 6)-D-glucopyranosyl-(l -> l)-ceramide (11). 

Hedathiosulfonic acids A and B have been isolated from the echinid Echinocardium cordatum harvested at 400 m off the coast of Heda. These early examples of natural thiosulfonic acids are highly toxic to mice, with LD99 values of 0.35-0.40 mgkg (Takada et al, 2001 Kita et al, 2002). 

Takada, N., Watanabe, M., Suenaga, K., Yamada, K., Kita, M., and Uemura, D. (2001) Isolation and structures of hedathiosulfonic acids A and B, novel thiosulfonic acids from the deep-sea urchin Echinocardium cordatum. Tetrahedron Lett., 42, 6557-6560. 

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