Earth gravitational magnetic field

Figure 26.7 Magnetic sol-gel nanosensor responsible for the positioning and orientation of a satellite by the detection of the earth gravitational magnetic field. (Reprinted Figure 9 of Ref. [44] with permission from Springer Science-FBusiness Media.)...

In 1994, a unique incident occurred the impact of the Shoemaker-Levy comet on the Jovian atmosphere. Die strong gravitational field of Jupiter caused the comet to break up before it could enter the atmosphere, and the parts of the comet crashed separately into the atmosphere one after the other. This unique spectacle was observed by many observatories and also by the Galileo spacecraft and the Hubble telescope. It led to the discovery of yet another phenomenon the most intensive aurora effects in the solar system, observed at Jupiter s poles. Astronomers assume that the energy for these comes from the planet s rotation, possibly with a contribution from the solar wind. This process differs from that of the origin of the aurora on Earth, where the phenomenon is caused by interactions between the solar wind and the Earth s magnetic field. 

SQUIDs have been used in a large number of experiments where the detection of small magnetic fields is crucial. Some interesting cases include the study of magnetic fields from human brains associated with mental disorders (Barth et ai, 1984), the detection of gravitational waves (Clarke, 1986), and fluctuations in the earth s magnetic field related to geothermal effects (Clarke, 1983), etc. 

FIGURE 3.7 (a) A top processing in the earth s gravitational field (b) the precession of a spinning nucleus resulting from the influence of an applied magnetic field. 

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