Dynamic steady state

MENDES, P., GEPASI a software package for modelling the dynamics, steady states and control of biochemical and other systems, Comput. Appl. Biosci., 1993, 9, 563-571. 

Figs. 4.10-4.13. In stationary turbulence (k and e constant), the SR model attains a dynamical steady state wherein the variables (/2) and e reach their equilibrium values. In this limit (for Sc = 1),... 

The earth s subsurface is not at complete thermodynamic equilibrium, but parts of the system and many species are observed to be at local equilibrium or, at least, at a dynamic steady state. For example, the release of a toxic contaminant into a groundwater reservoir can be viewed as a perturbation of the local equilibrium, and we can ask questions such as. What reactions will occur How long will they take and Over what spatial scale will they occur Addressing these questions leads to a need to identify actual chemical species and reaction processes and consider both the thermodynamics and kinetics of reactions. 

Living Organisms Exist in a Dynamic Steady State, Never at Equilibrium with Their Surroundings... 

Living Cells Maintain a Dynamic Steady State... 

Wiedemeier and coworkers (1996) have suggested two methods to approximate biodegradation rates in groundwater field studies (a) use a biologically recalcitrant tracer (e.g., three isomers of trimethylbenzene) in the groundwater to correct for dilution, sorption, and/or volatilization and calculate the rate constant by using the downgradient travel time or (b) assume that the plume has evolved to a dynamic steady-state equilibrium and develop a one-dimensional analytical solution to the advection-dispersion equation. 

The ATP system is in a dynamic steady state [ATP] remains constant because the rate of ATP consumption, as depicted above, equals its rate of synthesis. ATP consumption involves release of the terminal (7) phosphoryl group synthesis of ATP from ADP involves replacement of this phosphoryl group. Hence, the terminal phosphate undergoes rapid turnover. 

Define the following expressions empirical method, metastable equilibrium, kindling temperature, thermostat, interface, dynamic steady state, unimolecular reaction, bimolecular reaction, homogeneous reaction, heterogeneous reaction. 

When the external force oscillates with a given frequency, the system will eventually reach a dynamic steady state in which system observables oscillate with the same frequency and often with a characteristic phase shift. The amplitude of this oscillation characterizes the response the phase shift is associated with the imaginary part of this amplitude. 

The physical and chemical properties of carbon dioxide (7-i) are fundamental to understanding carboxylations and decarboxylations. The contemporary biosphere is in a dynamic steady state in which the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is about 350 ppm and is slowly increasing. At 25°C, water equilibrated with the atmosphere contains 10 xM CO2 (2). Biological carboxylations... 

Ziman, J. 1994, Prometheus Bound Science in a Dynamic Steady State, Cambridge UP, Cambridge. 

Many gangue mineral reactions ate acid consuming, resulting in a dynamic steady-state pH suitable to support bacteria and maintain open poiceity. Important acid consuming reactions are ... 

The wet-bulb temperature superficially resembles the adiabatic-saturation temperature 7. Indeed, for air-water mixtures the two temperatures are nearly equal. This is fortuitous, however, and is not true of mixtures other than air and water. The wet-bulb temperature differs fundamentally from the adiabatic-saturation temperature. The temperature and humidity of the gas vary during adiabatic saturation, and the end point is a true equilibrium rather than a dynamic steady state. 

Three further assumptions are necessary in the analysis. First, particles are assumed to have a low stability, independent of particle size. Destabilization can be achieved by compressing the electrical double layer in a high ionic strength solution or by neutralizing the surface charge through speciflc chemical interactions with hydrated metal ions or organic polymers. Second, the particle size distribution is in a dynamic steady state. For each sm U mte size, the rate of particle... 

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