Dynamic self-replication

In addition, the authors suggest that all such systems must have a semi-permeable active boundary (membrane), an energy transduction apparatus and (at least) two types of functionally interdependent macromolecular components (catalysts and records). Thus, the phenomenon of life requires not only individual self-replication and self-sustaining systems, but it also requires of such individual systems the ability to develop a characteristic, evolutionary dynamic and a historical collectivist organisation. 

Rotaxanes Dynamic Libraries Self-replication Photodimerisation... 

The point is also made [134] that the very high surface areas and the richly interconnected three-dimensional networks of these micron-sized spaces, coupled with periods of desiccation, could together have produced microenvironments rich in cat-alytically produced complex chemicals and possibly membrane-endosed vesides of bacterial size. These processes would provide the proximate concatenation of lipid vesicular precursors with the complex chemicals that would ultimately produce the autocatalytic and self-replicating chiral systems. A 2.5 km2 granite reef is estimated to contain possibly 1018 catalytic microreactors, open by diffusion to the dynamic reservoir of organic molecules. .. but protected from the dispersive effects of flow and convection [134] as well as protected from the high flux of ultraviolet radiation impinging on the early Earth. [123,137]... 

Nguyen R, Allouche L, Eric Buhler E, Giuseppone N (2009) Dynamic combinatorial evolution within self-replicating supramolecular assemblies. Angew Chem Int Ed 48 1093-1096... 

Keywords Chemical evolution Dynamic combinatorial chemistry Self-replication Systems chemistry... 

Dynamic Combinatorial Self-Replication of Small Molecules. 90... 

The ability of nucleic acids to act as templates for self-replication is a fundamental process in Nature s chemistry. The Rebek group have employed both templat-ing and recognition effects for the production of assembled "systems that promote replication of the templating molecule. An important feature of this work is the fact that the presence of the usual weak intermolecular forces allowed the corresponding host-guest complexes to form and dissipate rapidly. The resulting dynamic behaviour provides an environment for an efficient autocatalytic replication process to occur. 

Figure 1. Artificial replicators and matrices (left to right and top to bottom) Rebek s distant nucleoside [6k-m] and v. Kiedrowski s amidinium-carboxylate [7f replicators Lehn s chiral organic [7g] and ele-mentorganic [7h] helicatcs v. Kiedrowski s 6a,b,d-g] and Orgel s [6c] "minimal self-replication systems Hoffmann s alienated nucleic acids [2f, 5c, 7b, lOe] and Luisi s minima-vita approach [5f,g, 8a-d] Eschenmoser s hexosc-nucleic-acids [15], compared with Olson-type R/DNAs and hypothetical nucleation dynamics of nucleoprotein systems [2f, 3k, 5c].

Severin, K. Lee, D.H. Martinez, J.A. Vieth, M. Ghadiri, M.R. Dynamic error correction in autocatalytic peptide networks. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1998, 37, 126-128. Issac, R. Chmielewski, J. Approaching exponential growth with a self-replicating peptide. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 6808-6809. 

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