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Films flat” duplex

The above concept of duplex film can be used to explain both the stability of microemulsions and the bending of the interface. Considering that initially the flat duplex film has different tensions (i.e., different values) on either side of it, then the deriving force for film curvature is the stress of the tension gradient which tends to make the pressure or tension in both sides of the curved film the same. This is schematically shown in Figure 1. For example if ir > ir on the flat... [Pg.155]

The vapour-expanded films have pressure-area curves with small values of — F0. At low values of the pressure the area becomes so large that the molecules have to lie nearly flat on the surface the thickness of the hydrocarbon part of the film thus becomes so small that there is much less opportunity for the chains to oscillate about the vertical direction than with the smaller areas of the liquid-expanded films. The hydrocarbon part of the film cannot therefore be considered as a liquid layer and the theory of duplex films tends to become inapplicable owing to the molecules being nearly fiat, the expanded state merges into the gaseous without abrupt change of slope. [Pg.69]

Such a monolayer could be a duplex film, with difierent properties on the water and oil sides. The initial flat duplex film (see Figure 15.3) has different tensions... [Pg.303]

The film, which may consist of surfactant and cosurfactant molecules, is considered as a liquid two-dimensional third phase in equilibrium with both oil and water. Such a monolayer could be a duplex film, i.e. giving different properties on the water side and oil side. The initial flat duplex film (Figure 10.3) has different tensions at the oil and water sides. This is due to the different packing of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups (these groups have different sizes and cross sectional areas). [Pg.312]

The flat cell is illustrated in Fig. 8.5. In this construction, a duplex electrode is formed by coating a zinc plate with either a carbon-filled conductive paint or laminating it to a carbon-filled conductive plastic film. Either coating provides electrical contact to the zinc anode, isolates the zinc from the cathode of the next cell, and performs the function of cathode collector. The collector function is the same as that performed by the carbon rod in cylindrical cells. When the conductive paint method is used, an adhesive must be placed onto the painted side of the zinc prior to assembly to effectively seal the painted surface directly to the vinyl band to encapsulate the cell. No expansion chamber or carbon rod is used as in the cylindrical cell. The use of conductive polyisobutylene film laminated to the zinc instead of the conductive paint and adhesive usually results in improved sealing to the vinyl however, the film typically occupies more volume than the paint and adhesive design. These methods of construction readily lend themselves to the assembly of multi-cell batteries. [Pg.191]


See other pages where Films flat” duplex is mentioned: [Pg.156]    [Pg.337]    [Pg.340]    [Pg.341]    [Pg.377]    [Pg.15]    [Pg.313]    [Pg.560]    [Pg.145]    [Pg.297]    [Pg.143]    [Pg.5676]    [Pg.55]    [Pg.15]    [Pg.384]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.303 ]




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