Dual-functionalised

Combining functionalised cations with functionalised anions may lead to highly task-specific ionic liquids, but very little has been undertaken in this area in the catalysis domain. However, a number of so-called dual-functionalised ionic liquids have been reported1271 and it has been shown... 

Zhao D, Fei Z, Ohlin C A, et al. Dual-functionalised ionic liquids Synthesis and characterisation of imidazolium salts with a nitrile-functionalised anion. Chem. Commun. 2004. 2500-2501. 

Li F, Wang ZY, Stein A (2007) Shaping mesoporous silica nanoparticles by disassembly of hierarchically porous structures. Angew Chem Int Ed 46 1885 Lebeau B, Fowler CE, Mann S, Farcet C, Charleux B, Sanchez C (2000) Synthesis of hierarchically ordered dye-functionalised mesoporous silica with macroporous architecture by dual templating. J Mater Chem 10 2105... 

The metal-catalysed C-H bond dual activation and functionalisation have brought in the last two decades a revolution for the direct synthesis of complex molecules and molecular materials. Now the functionalisation of sp C-H bond for cross-coupled C-C or C-heteroatom bond formation presents advantages to replace, with better atom economy, the classical catalytic cross-coupling reactions involving a stoichiometric amount of an organometallic. In parallel the sp C-H bond activation, besides a faster access to natural products, is offering the possibility to functionalise alkanes in connection with renewable energy. 

Figure 9 Dual-curing of an hydroxy-functionalised polyurethane-acrylate associated to an isocyanate cross-linker (/ = 500 mW cm ).

Leckta has developed a catalytic asymmetric a-fluorination of acid chlorides utilising a dual activation strategy. " Treatment of an acid chloride with both quinidine and either a Ni(ii) or Pd(ii) source in the presence of NFSI and Hunig s base resulted in the formation of an unactivated, a-fluorinated carbonyl which could be subsequently captured by a range of nucleophiles resulting in the formation of densely functionalised products with excellent enantioselectivity (Scheme 15.40). 

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