Drug delivery devices nebulizers

Administration Iloprost is intended for inhalation administration only via the Prodose AAD system, a pulmonary drug delivery device. It has not been studied with any other nebulizers. 

Delivery devices play a major role in the efficiency of pulmonary delivery, and major advances have been made in the development of new devices in recent years. The most commonly used devices for pulmonary drug delivery include nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) and dry-powder inhalers (DPIs). These de-... 

Using aerosolization to administer drugs to the respiratory airway dates back to the early part of the 20th century, when the pneumatic nebulizer was used as a drug delivery device. Fig. lA shows some examples of the first types of nebulizers used, the simplest of which were powered by squeezing the bulb attached to the device. Fig.IB shows more modern imits such as pMDIs. 

Fig. 1 Drug delivery devices. (A) Squeezing bulb nebulizers (courtesy of Bruce McVeety) and (B) pMDIs.

Using the various drug delivery devices, such as pMDIs, nebulizers, and DPIs, discussed in the first half... 

HaloLite, shown in Fig. 11, is a hand-held drug delivery system developed by Medic-Aid (Bognor Regis, United Kingdom). The device, which uses compressed air, consists of a medication chamber, a control unit, and an aerosol generation assembly that is operated by a portable, dedicated compressor. The aerosol is generated based upon conventional nebulization principles. The control unit allows the patient to select a... 

Figure 1 Unit Dose Collection Apparatus (UDA) for aerosol emitted from an aerosol delivery device. The setup is shown with a pMDI interface, but similar connecting pieces have been made in our laboratory for nebulizers. The sample is collected in the tube and solvent added to absorb the drug collected on the filter. (From Ref. 91.)...

In the United States, federal regulation of aerosol doses varies with devices. The metered-dose inhaler (MDI) utilizes a metering valve that is highly regulated and functionally precise. Nebulizers as drug delivery systems are essentially unregulated. 

Nebulizers can be tested in a given ventilator circuit and, as shown in Fig. 22, the choice of nebulizer can have a significant impact on drug delivery. Inhaled mass versus time is shown for a number of common nebulizers, including the devices first tested in Fig. 5. Devices shown to be efficient for spontaneously breathing patients are often even more efficient on the ventilator provided that the ventila-... 

New nebulizer delivery devices designed to deliver specific drug formulations that have undergone clinical trials to establish safety and efficacy as part of the regulatory process—e.g., Respimat and AERx. 

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