Droplet Coalescence in Homogenization Valves

The collision frequency C can be calculated in case of isentropic turbulent flow with Eq. (5.11)  

Once emulsion droplets are disrupted in a high-pressure nozzle, they will be stabilized by adsorbing emulsifier molecules. This, however, is a process taking some time. This time depends on the emulsifier molecule structure and chemical nature of the phases [42], The kinetics of the surfactant(s) also influences the probability of coalescence and thus the coalescence rate [28]. 

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