Draize scale

The following scores are based on the Draize scale for scoring skin irritation ... 

Responses are evaluated 30 min to 1 h after patch removal (to allow hydration and pressure effects to subside), and again 24 h after the patch is removed. Persistent reactions may be evaluated for 3 to 4 days. The Draize scales can be used to evaluate erythema and edema however, the integrated scales ranging from 4 to 16 points are preferred. Such integrated scales are able to score popular, vesicular or bullous responses in addition to erythema/edema evaluation. Up to 10 materials can be tested simultaneously on each subject. The position that the materials are placed on the skin (i.e., upper right back, lower left back, etc.) should be systematically varied within each study since skin reactivity varies by body region. 

Table 1 sets forth the current regulatory mandated test designs, which form the bases of all currently employed test procedures. All of these methods use the same scoring scale, the Draize scale, which is... 

Complete observation lasted 6 days. The consequences of bums have developed as irritation or edema. The selected classification for the intensity of reaction valuation was set up according to Draize scale (no lesion, visible, extended, or severe lesion) (Table 4.16). 

Given the specificity of evolution of HF bums (color, depth) and because it can reach stages of severity beyond those usually observed with other chemicals, we have decided to describe out of Draize scale. 

Four filter papers (10 mm in diameter) were soaked in 50 % hydrofluoric acid and applied on the shaved back of each rat for 3 min. A modified Draize scale was used for analysis of the results (Table 4.17) [249, 263]. 

Draize scale (score) Lesions Burn intensity... 

If animal testing is required, a full-scale Draize test may not be necessary given the background established in the beginning of the tier approach. For instance, the compound could be tested in a single sentinel animal to obtain confirmation of in vitro data. In addition, other modifications could be used, such as the administration of appropriate anesthetics to the test animals, or the use of the low-volume Draize modification (Falahee et al., 1982 Freeberg et al., 1984 Griffith, 1987). 

According to Draize et al. (1944), injuries to the cornea, conjunctival and palpebral mucosae and the iris are scored separately. The severity of ocular lesions has been graded in a scale of weighted scores. 

The Draize test provides tremendous value in warning consumers, workers and manufacturers of potential dangers associated with specific chemicals so that appropriate precautions can be taken. Although vesiculation, ulceration, and severe eschar formations are not included in the Draize Scoring Scales, all Draize-type tests are used to evaluate corrosion as well as irritation. 

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