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Drag reducers

J.A. Carrazza et al, Development of a Safer Intermediate and First Fire Formulation for the M49A1 Surface, Trip Flare , PATR 4636 (1974), AD 784 066 / 3 GI 84) R. Kwatnoskl, Drag Reducing Fumer for Application in Small Arms Ammunition , FA-R-3003... [Pg.1000]

Lu B, Zheng Y, Scriven LE, Davis HT, Talmon Y, Zakin JL (1998) Effect of variation counterion-to-surfactant ratio on rheology and micro-structures of drag reducing cationic surfactant systems. Rheol Acta 37 528-548... [Pg.95]

Warholic MD, Schmidt GM, Hanratty TJ (1999) The influence of a drag-reducing surfactant on a turbulent velocity field. J Fluid Mech 388 1-20... [Pg.142]

Fig. 2. FT-IR spectra of fresh, drag reducing and broken-down solutions. Fig. 2. FT-IR spectra of fresh, drag reducing and broken-down solutions.
A review on drag-reducing polymers is given in the literature [1359]. It has been suggested that drag reduction occurs by the interactions between elastic macromolecules and turbulent-flow macrostructures. In turbulent pipe flow, the region near the wall, composed of a viscous sublayer and a buffer layer, plays a major role in drag reduction. [Pg.167]

The drag-reducing properties of a polyacrylamide type were tested in two-phase air/water flow, using a horizontal pipe of 31-nun diameter [1545]. The properties of the polymer were tested in single-phase water flow, and the results were found to comply with the reduction in pressure drop found by other workers. Positive effects in two-phase flow were found to depend on the Reynolds... [Pg.168]

It has been shown that hydrogen bonding-mediated interpolymer complexes can be powerful drag reducers. The drag-reduction levels in such polymer systems increase dramatically by a factor of 2 to 6 when compared with their nonassociating polymeric precursors. Their shear stability is also shown to be significantly enhanced [1156]. [Pg.170]

Drag Reducers in Detail Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene... [Pg.171]

Several copolymers of or-olelins are used as drag reducers. Suggested recipes are summarized in Table 12-1. Linear low-density polyethylene is a copolymer of ethylene and a-olefins. It is obtained by copolymerization utilizing Ziegler-Natta catalysts or metallocene catalysts. Concentrates may be prepared by... [Pg.171]

Copolymers from a-Olelins and Others Used as Drag Reducers... [Pg.171]

H. W. Bewersdorff and D. Ohlendorf. The behaviour of drag-reducing cationic surfactant solutions. Colloid Polymer Sci, 266(10) 941-953, October 1988. [Pg.358]

G. B. Eaton and M. J. Monahan. Composition of and process for forming polyalphaolefin drag reducing agents. Patent US 5869570, 1999. [Pg.383]

K. Fairchild, R. Tipton, J. F. Metier, and N. S. Kommareddi. Low viscosity, high concentration drag reducing agent and method therefor. Patent WO 9701582, 1997. [Pg.385]

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.167 ]



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