Downstream assets

Under the agreement, which became effective from January 1, 1970, Standard took over British Petroleum leases at Prudhoe Bay and some East Coast downstream assets that British Petroleum had acquired in 1968. In return, British Petroleum acquired 25% of Standard Oil equity, a stake that would rise to a majority holding in 1978 when the Standard Oil share of Alaskan production passed 600,000 barrels a day. 

Exposing assets to a trusted partner often means exposing them to your partner s partners. Trust is extremely critical within the supply chain, and it should not be a transferable property. Make ardent strides to limit the downstream exposure of sensitive assets and systems. 

Gradually, the number of stakeholders that needed to be involved in the design process increased. In particular, the marketing and purchasing functions and downstream functions like service and asset recovery have been involved early in the design process. Because products are used and need to be disposed eventually, environmental concerns have also added to product design and development complexity (see e.g., [13]). 

Demand and supply planning capabilities enable companies to balance inbound and outbound logistics and thus to maximize return on assets, and to ensure a profitable match of supply and demand. Inbound and outbound logistics are also described, as upstream and downstream processes. For example, Christopher (1992) defines supply chain management as the management of upstream and downstream relationships with suppliers and customers to deliver superior customer value at less cost to the supply chain as a whole. 

The primary goal of an asset management program is to maintain a desired rehabUity of the pipelines at an acceptable cost. As discussed earher in Section 1.1, pipe rapture has potentially severe life safety, property damage and water loss consequences at the failure site, and service interruption consequences downstream. The cost of a pipe... 

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