Double wall carbon nanotube

P. Coquay, E. Flahaut, E. de Grave, A. Peigney, R.E. Vandenberghe, and C. Laurent, Fe/Co alloys for the catalytic chemical vapor deposition synthesis of single- and double-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). 2. The CNT-Fe/Co-MgAl204 system. J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 17825-17830 (2005). 

Chen G, Bandow S, Margine ER, Nisoli C, Kolmogorov AN, Crespi VH, Gupta R, Sumanasekera GU, Iijima S, Eklund PC (2003) Chemically doped double-walled carbon nanotubes cylindrical molecular capacitors. Phys Rev Lett 27 257403... 

Fig. 4.2 Molecular models of (a) single-walled carbon nanotube, (b) double-walled carbon nanotube, and (c) multi-walled carbon nanotube.

C. Zhao, R. Kitaura, H. Hara, S. Irle, H. Shinohara, Growth of linear carbon chains inside thin double-wall carbon nanotubes, J. Phys. Chem. C, vol. 115, p. 13166-13170, 2011. 

V. Tishkova, P.-l. Raynal, P. Puech, A. Lonjon, M. Le Fournier, P. Demont, E. Flahaut, W. Bacsa, Electrical conductivity and Raman imaging of double wall carbon nanotubes in a polymer matrix, Compos. Sci. Technol., vol. 71, pp. 1326-1330, 2011. 

A single-walled carbon nanotube (S WNT) is a single graphene sheet rolled up in a seamless cylinder, whose diameter is of the order of few nanometers (Fig. 4.12). A double-walled carbon nanotube (DWNT) consists of rolled two graphene layers, and a multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT) exhibits several co-axial rolls of graphene sheets, one sitting in each other and separated by about 0.35 nm. 

J. Miyamato, Y. Hattoii, D. Noguchi, H. Tanaka, T. Ohba, S. Utsumi, H. Kanoh, Y.A. Kim, H. Muramatsu, T. Hayashi, M. Endo, K. Kaneko, Efficient H adsorption by nanopores of high-puiity double-walled carbon nanotubes. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 128 (2006) 12636-12637. 

P. M. F. J. Costa, S. Friedrichs, J. Sloan and M. L. H. Green, Imaging lattice defects and distortions in alkali-metal iodides encapsulated within double-walled carbon nanotubes. Chem. Mater. 17, 3122-9 (2005). 

Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) consist of two concentric graphene cylinders. DWCNTs, categorized different from both MWCNTs and SWCNTs, are expected to exhibit mechanical and electronic properties superior to SWCNTs. Endo et al. have suggested that... 

Muramatsu H, Hayashi T, Kim YA, Shimamoto D, Kim YJ, Tantrakarn K, Endo M, Terrenes M, Dresselhaus MS. Pore structure and oxidation stability of double-walled carbon nanotube-derived bucky paper. Chem Phys Lett 2005 414 444-448. 

Kim YA, Kojima M, Muramatsu H, Umemoto S, Watanabe T, Yoshida K, Sato K et al. In situ Raman study on single- and double-walled carbon nanotubes as a function of lithium insertion, Small 2006 2 667-676. 

Miyamoto J, Hattori Y, Noguchi D, Tanaka H, Ohba T, Utsumi S, Kanoh H et al. Efficient H2 adsorption by nanopores of high-purity double-walled carbon nanotubes, J Am Chem Soc 2006 128 12636-12637. 

G. Chen, S. Bandow, E. R. Margine, C. Nisoli, A. N. Kolmogorov, V. H. Crespi, R. Gupta, G. U. Sumanasekera, S. Iijima, and P. C. Eklund, Chemically doped double-walled carbon nanotubes cylindrical molecular capacitors, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90(25), 257403-1-4 (2003). 

Nitrogen- and Boron-Doped Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes... 

Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs), first observed in 1996, constitute a unique family of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). -2 DWNTs occupy a position between the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), as they consist of two concentric cylinders of rolled graphene. DWNTs possess useful electrical and mechanical properties with potential applications. Thus, DWNTs and SWNTs have similar threshold voltages in field electron emission, but the DWNTs exhibit longer lifetimes.3 Unlike SWNTs, which get modified structurally and electronically upon functionalization, chemical functionalization of DWNTs surfaces would lead to novel carbon nanotube materials where the inner tubes are intact. The stability of DWNTs is controlled by the spacing of the inner and outer layers but not by the chirality of the tubes 4 therefore, one obtains a mixture of DWNTs with varying diameters and chirality indices of the inner and outer tubes. DWNTs have been prepared by several techniques, such as arc discharge5 and chemical vapor depo-... 

Saito, R. Matsuo, R. Kimura, T. Dresselhaus, G. Dresselhaus, M. 5. Anomalous Potential Barrier of Double-Wall Carbon Nanotube. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2001, 348, 187-193. 

Sugai, T. Yoshida, H. Shimada, T. Okazaki, T. Shinohara, H, New Synthesis of High-Quality Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by High-Temperature Pulsed Arc Discharge. Nano Lett. 2003, 3, 769-773,... 

J. K. Nahm, 5. Ju, B.-K. Synthesis of Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition and Their Field Emission Properties. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110,5310-5314. 

C. W. Park, C. Y. Lee, C. J. Synthesis of Single- and Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Catalytic Decomposition of Methane. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2003, 373, 475-479. 

M. 5. Identification of the Constituents of Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes using Raman Spectra Taken with Different Laser-Excitation Energies. J. Mater. Res. 2003, 8, 1251-1258. 

Kishi, N. Kikuchi, 5. Ramesh, P. Sugai, T. Watanabe, Y. Shinohara, H. Enhanced Photoluminescence from Very Thin Double-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Synthesized by the Zeolite-CCVD Method. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 24816-24821. 

The most common method for the production of carbon nanotubes is hydrocarbon-based chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [97] and adaptations of the CVD process [98, 99], where the nanotubes are formed by the dissolution of elemental carbon into metal nanoclusters followed by precipitation into nanotubes [100]. The CVD method is used to produce multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) [101] and double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) [102] as well as SWCNTs [103], The biomedical applications of CNTs have been made possible through surface functionalization of CNTs, which has led to drug and vaccine delivery applications [104,105],... 

Sugai, T., and Yoshida, H. (2003), New synthesis of high-quality double-walled carbon nanotubes by high-temperature pulsed arc discharge, NanoLetters, 3(6), 769-773. 

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