Donor-acceptor copolymers chain-growth

Chain-growth catalyst-transfer polycondensation (CTP) is a rapidly developing polymerization method, as it allows, in many cases, the above-mentioned limitations of step-growth polymerizations to be overcome. CTP provides a straightforward access to well-defined conjugated homopolymers (e.g., polythiophenes (1), polyfluorenes (2), polyphenylenes (3), etc.), alternate donor-acceptor copolymer e.g., 4) and all-conjugated block polymers (e.g., 5), Chart 20.1. 

We will start this chapter with a brief review of the origin of the donor-acceptor concept, followed by a short summary of the key chemistries that are used for the synthesis of D-A copolymers e.g., Suzuki coupling and Stille coupling), with a focus on their application towards the polymer synthesis. The classical step-growth polymerization will be next discussed within the context of Pd-catalyzed polycondensation. Then we will briefly discuss two recent, interesting advances in the synthesis of D-A copolymers Pd-free polycondensation and chain-growth Suzuki polymerization. Since the synthesis of D-A... 

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