Diterpenoids from Aristolochia species

Over the last seventy years over sixty species of Aristolochia have been exploited for chemical examination by research groups throughout the world and a variety of compounds have been isolated. The spectrum of physiologically-active metabolites from Aristolochia species covers 14 major groups based on structure aristolochic acid derivatives, aporphines, amides, benzylisoquinolines, isoquinolones, chlorophylls, terpenoids, lignans, biphenyl ethers, flavonoids, tetralones, benzenoids, steroids, and miscellaneous. The aristolochic acid derivatives, host of phenanthrene derived metabolites were further classified into aristolochic acids, sodium salts of aristolochic acids, aristolochic acid alkyl esters, sesqui- and diterpenoid esters of aristolochic acids, aristolactams, denitroaristolochic acids, and aristolactones. The terpenoids can further be subdivided into 4 groups mono-, sesqui-, di- and tetraterpenoids. 

Table 6. Sesqui- and Diterpenoid Esters of Aristolochic Acids Isolated from Aristolochia Species...

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