Disulfonated poly copolymer

Kim, Y. S., Dong, L., Hickner, M. A., Glass, T. E., Webb, V. and McGrath, J. E. 2003. State of water in disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers and a perfluorosulfonic acid copolymer (Nafion) and its effect on physical and electrochemical properties. Macromolecules 36 6281-6285. 

Disulfonated poly (arylene ether sulfone) random copolymers... 

Kim YS, Sumner MJ, Harrison WL, Riffle JS, McGrath JE, Pivovar BS (2004) Direct methanol fuel cell performance of disulfonated poly(arylene ether benzonitrile) copolymers. J Electrochem Soc 15LA2150-A2156... 

Li Y, Wang F, Yang J, Liu D, Roy A, Case S, et al. Synthesis and characterization of controlled molecular weight disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers and their applications to proton exchange membranes. Polymer 2006 47(ll) 4210-7. 

Lee CH, McCloskey BD, Cook J, Lane O, Xie W, Freeman BD, et al. Disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random copolymer thin film composite membrane fabricated using a benign solvent for reverse osmosis applications. J Membr Sci 2012 389 363-71. 

Hill ML, Kim YS, Einsla BR, McGrath JE. Zirconium hydrogen phosphate/disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer composite membranes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Membr Sci 2006 283(l-2) 102-8. 

Badami AS, Roy A, Lee HS, Li Y, McGrath JE. Morphological investigations of disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)-fe-naphthalene dianhydride-based polyimide multiblock copolymers as potential high temperature proton exchange membranes. J Membr Sci 2009 328 (l-2) 156-64. 

Lee HS, Roy A, Lane O, Lee M, McGrath JE. Synthesis and characterization of multiblock copolymers based on hydrophilic disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) and hydrophobic partially fluorinated poly(arylene ether ketone) for fuel cell applications. J Polym Sci Part A Polym Chem 2010 48(l) 214-22. 

Rowlett JR, Chen Y, Shaver AT, Lane O, Mittelsteadt C, Xu H, et al. Multiblock poly(arylene ether nitrile) disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers for proton exchange membranes part 1 synthesis and characterization. Polymer 2013 54(23) 6305-13. 

Lee M, Park JK, Lee H-S, Lane O, Moore RB, McGrath JE, Baird DG (2009) Effects of block length and solution-casting conditions on the final morphology and properties of disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) multiblock copolymer films for proton exchange membranes. Polymer 50 6129-6138... 

Fig. 4.2 (a) Investigated hisphenol stractuie by McGrath group, (b) Synthesis of random BPA-based disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers... 

Hill et al. [22] developed a series of zirconium hydrogen phosphate/disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer composite membranes for PEM fuel cells. Disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers (BPSH) were also tested separately. It was found that both pure BPSH and BPSH/ZrP composite membranes had better mechanical properties when hydrated due to plasticization (see Fig. 10.6). Moderate amounts of ZrP (17%) had a positive effect on the mechanical properties, whereas high amounts (36%) resulted in brittle membranes that are not desirable for fuel cell applications. 

Figure 5.4 Disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer synthesized using a direct...

Fig.l shows the chemical structure and sample code for the protonated form of disulfonated Poly(arylene ether sulfone) random copolymers used in this study. All copolymers used in this study were synthesized at Prof James McGrath s lab with the procediue published previously [4, 5]. The synthesized polysulfones were initially in the potassium sulfonate form. They were... 

Direct copolymerization techniques have also been employed in the s)m-thesis of sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketones),i i polyimides, i 5 and poly(benzoimidazoles). The synthesis of random disulfonated biphenol poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers (BPSH x where x represents the percentage of disulfonated diphenylsulfone moieties in the polymer versus unsulfonated diphenylsulfone moities) (14) is shown in Scheme 3.5. 

These polymers show lower water uptake than the analogous sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) materials, possibly suggesting some interaction between the aromatic nitrile and sulfonic acid. The phosphine oxide functional moiety could also be used as a compatibilizer with other materials. Sulfonated poly(arylene ether phosphine oxide sulfone) terpoly-mers have been prepared both with sulfonated triphenyl phosphine oxide and with triphenyl phosphine oxide with 3,3 -disulfonate-4,4 —dichlorodiphenyl sulfone as the sulfonic acid bearing monomer. Block copolymers containing phosphine oxide appear to avoid the ether—ether interchange that results when non—phosphine oxide blocks are utilized, and this is being further pursued. ... 

Cho et al. have recently described the synthesis of a sulfonimide containing monomer and the resulting poly (ary lene ether sulfone) copolymers. In this procedure 3,3 -disulfonate-4,4 —dichlorodiphenyl sulfone was refluxed in thionyl chloride, isolated, and then reacted with trifluoromethanesulfonamide in the presence of triethylamine to form the sulfonamide analogue monomer as shown in Figure 44. This... 

Sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketone nitrile) (SPPEKN) copolymers prepared by the copolymerization of disodium 3,3 -disulfonate-4,4 -difluorobenzophenone, 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile, and 4-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-l(2H)-phthalazinone exhibit a tensile strength higher than that of Nafion 117. The proton conductivities of the acid form of SPPEKN copolymers, with a feed ratio or sulfonated to unsulfonated monomer above 0.35, are around lO Scm at 80°C, which is close to that of Nafion 117.39... 

Polysynlane. See Hydrogenated polyisobutene Polysynth RRE. See Sodium polyacrylate Polysynth SD. See Silicone Polysynth SI 40. See Silicone emulsion Polytac R-500, Polytac. See Polypropylene Polytalne PPI-SA-15. See PEG-13 soyamine bis-hydroxyethyl glycine/lPDI copolymer PolyTalc 262. See Talc Polytef. See Polytetrafluoroethylene Poly-Tergent 2A1 Acid. See Dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonic acid... 

Harrison WL, Hickner MA, Kim YS, McGrath JE (2005) Poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymers and related systems from disulfonated monomer building blocks synthesis, characterization and performance - a topical review. Fuel Cells 5 201-212... 

Hydrophilic-hydrophobic alternating PAES multiblock copolymers have been prepared from partly fluorinated hydrophobic poly(arylene ether ketone) oligomers and disulfonated hydrophilic poly(arylene ether sulfone) telechelic oligomers [111]. 

More recently, block copolymers with sequenced hydrophilic and hydrophobic units have been developed for the sulfonated poly (arylene ether)s with rather low lEC to show high proton conductivity [5, 6]. They have better-developed hydrophilic/hydrophobic nanophase separation and, accordingly, better-connected ionic channels compared to the conventional random copolymers of the same chemical structure and composition. A typical and well-examined example is block copolymers composed of biphenol-based disulfonated arylene ether sulfone (the so-called BPSH) units and the unsulfonated equivalents (BPS) (Fig. 1) by McGrath s group [7-9]. They have investigated detailed properties of the BPSH block copolymer membranes to obtain the following informative conclusions ... 

McGrath s group has done an extensive and systematic study on their sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) block copolymers (Fig. 7.19) [42-51]. The block copolymers are composed of biphenol-based disulfonated arylene ether sulfone (so-called BPSH) units and the unsulfonated equivalents (BPS). The investigated properties of the block copolymer membranes include synthetic details with different main chain linkages, spectroscopic analyses of the chemical stmcture, water uptake, diffusion of water, proton conductivity at wide range of temperature and... 

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