Distortion mechanical

The mechanism by which the d-d transitions gain intensity still remains to be determined. For octahedral and square planar complexes which have a center of symmetry, the transitions are partly inhibited. Slightly disorted octahedral and square planar metal complexes may have a fractional part of a d-d transition allowed, and this static distortion mechanism may be responsible for some intensity in many cases (I, 2). The fact that when Co(acac)3 catalyst was utilized in the oxidation, its absorption wavelength remained unchanged and its coefficient increased,... 

The techniques introduced in this section perform well on audio data which have been distorted by the appropriate model. However extensive testing is required to determine whether or not the non-linear models proposed are sufficiently flexible to model real distortion mechanisms. 

Non-linearity with Memory. The AR-MNL model is clearly somewhat restrictive in that most distortion mechanisms will involve memory. For example an amplifier with a non-linear output stage will probably have feedback so that the memoryless non-linearity will be included within a feedback loop and the overall system could not be modelled as a memory less non-linearity. The general NARMA model incorporates memory but its use imposes a number of analytical problems. A special case of the NARMA model is the NAR (Non-linear AutoRegressive) model in which the current output x[w] is a non-linear function of only past values of output and the present input s [n ]. Under these conditions equation 4.27 becomes ... 

The vibronic model provides precise information about the distortion mechanisms and pathways, and explains why certain complexes remain with the high-symmetry parent geometry while others undergo deformation. 

CSZs have the fee fluorite average structure, with all atoms in special positions. A drawing of part of the fluorite structure viewed down c is shown in Fig. 5b. Only two layers of anion sites are shown, together with the cations they contain. In CSZs, the cation sites are all occupied but are disordered the anion sites have partial occupaney. Between two cations, there are two bridging oxygen sites, as shown in Fig. 5b, and the black circle near the center of the figure is drawn to represent a vacancy in one of these sites. The figure illustrates the proposed mechanism by which the cations are displaced away from a vacancy. This distortion mechanism accounts for the dark lines (indicated in Fig. 5a by the direction of the arrows) (see Ref. [7]). 

Flat topping A distortion mechanism in an amplifying stage in which the stage is unable to faithfully reproduce the positive peaks of the output signal. Reasons for such problems include poor regulation... 

Select Features Distortion Mechanisms Automated Video Signal Measurement... 

Introduction Types of Distortion The Wireless Radio Channel Effects of Phase and Frequency Errors in Coherent Demodulation of AM Signals Effects of Linear and Nonlinear Distortion in Demodulation of Angle Modulated Waves Interference as a Radio Frequency Distortion Mechanism... 

Clipping A distortion mechanism in an audio system in which the input level to one or more devices or circuits is sufficiently high in ampUtude that the maximum input level of the device or circuit is exceeded, resulting in significant distortion of the output waveform. 

Amplitude distortion A distortion mechanism occurring in an amplifier or other device when the output amplitude is not a linear function of the input amplitude under specified conditions. 

Linear distortion A distortion mechanism that is independent of signal amphtude. 

Gaspard et al. showed that this local alternation of a short and long bond is sufficient to stabilize a covalent structure for a group V element (3p electrons All one half of the valence p-DOS), so that the Peierls distortion mechanism can hold in the case of a disordered structure under some conditions [13]. 

Studies of the relationship of macroscopic properties to internal structure have been at the forefront of polymer science for many years. We are now in a position to use rheological studies as a method of elucidating internal stmcture and internal structural distortion mechanisms. This paper will use this approach to determine the characteristics of transitions above the glass transition temperature, Tg, in amorphous polymers with the objective of understanding the stmcture of these polymers and the mechanisms involved in the transitions. 

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