Distal effects

Hropot M, Fowler N, Karlmark B, Giebisch G (1985) Tubular action of diuretics Distal effects on electrolyte transport and acidification. Kidney Int 28 477-489... 

Since the idea of the distal effect, that is, the steric interaction between bound CO and distal protein residues that result in a tilt or bend of the Fe-CO in altering the binding aftinity of small ligands such as CO or O2, has come under scrutiny, other factors have been considered to explain the differences in O2 and CO binding. These other factors that have been discussed at length elsewhere " include ... 

Approximate contributions of proximai and distal effects to ligand affinity... 

Effects of remote chiral centers of the resorci-narene and cavitand ligand syntones on encapsulated guests have been observed in [127] for their hybrid supramolecular capsules 448-454 giving 1 1 cage complexes with encapsulated neutral guest 202 by Scheme 3.120. These distal effects are additive or subtractive, depending on the relative configurations of the chiral elements. 

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