Diphenyl Oxide Derivatives

Similar results can be obtained using hydroflnoric acid/boron trifluoride or aluminium chloride in place of triflic acid [922], 

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Biphenyl, terphenyl, and their alkyl or hydrogenated derivatives generally serve markets where price and performance, rather than composition, is the customer s primary concern. Performance standards for heat-transfer appHcations are usually set by the fluid suppHer. The biphenyl—diphenyl oxide eutectic (26.5% biphenyl, 73.5% DPO) represents a special case. This composition has become a widely recogni2ed standard vapor-phase heat-transfer medium. It is sold throughout the world under various trademarks. In the United States, Dow (Dowtherm A) and Monsanto (Therminol VP-1) are the primary suppHers. Alkylated biphenyls and partially hydrogenated terphenyls serving the dielectric and carbonless copy paper dye solvent markets likewise are sold primarily on the basis of price and performance characteristics jointly agreed on by producer and user. 

Carbamoyl methyl Phosphine Oxide Derivatives The physicochemical properties of various aryl derivatives of CMPO have been investigated at the Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry. Extraction of americium and lanthanides from nitric acid with solutions of diphenyl- and dibutyl-(diethylcarbamoylmethyl) phosphine oxides (Ph2Et2-CMPO and Bu2Et2-CMPO) in dichloroethane have been investigated as a function of the concentrations of the extractants and nitric acid (110, 111). The observed dependences are characterized... 

SYNS BENZENE, l,l -OXYBIS-, HEXACHLORO derivatives (9CI) ETHER, HEXACHLOROPHENYL HEXACHLORODIPHENYL ETHER HEXACHLO-RODIPHENYL OXIDE PHENYL ETHER, HEXACHLORO derivative (SCI) TRICHLORO DIPHENYL ETHER TRICHLORO DIPHENYL OXIDE... 

Diphenyl-allylphosphine oxide derivatives were utilized in Wittig-Horner analogous reactions leading to the analogues of 19-norvitamin D3 (Scheme 44). ... 

Key A, dlbromostyrene and derivatives B, tetrabromophthalic anhydride and derivatives C, hexabromocyclododecane and derivatives D. tetrabromobisphenol A and derivatives E, brominated diphenyl oxides F, tribromophenol and derivatives G. intumescent FRs H. triaryl phosphate esters i, bisphosphates J, trialkyl phosphates K. antimony-based and other synergists. 

Monochlorobenzene. The largest use for monochlorobenzene, accounting for about 40 percent of the consumption, is in the production of chloronitrobenzenes. p-Nitro-chlorobenzene (NCR) is converted into p-phenylenediamines for use as antioxidants in rubber processing. A smaller use for NCR is in the synthesis the pain reliever acetaminophen. ort/io-Nitrochlorobenzene is a raw material for producing insecticides and several azo pigments. A large number of dyes also can be derived from either chlorobenzene or nitro-chlorobenzene. About 25 percent of the monochlorobenzene is used as a solvent for pesticide formulation and in MDI processing. The manufacture of diphenyl oxide, for heat transfer fluids, and phenylphenols, for disinfectants, consumes another 22 percent. About 8 percent is used to make dichloro-diphenylsulfone, an intermediate in the manufacture of sulfone polymers. 

Bis[(diphenylphosphinoyl)methyl] sulfide was converted to (diphenyl-phosphinoyl)methyl vinyl sulfides and to divinyl sulfides in Horner-Wittig type reactions with one or two equivalent(s) of oxo-compounds (ketones or aldehydes) (Schemes 60 and 61). The three-component reaction of lithium alkylselenolates/alkylthiolates, the diphenylphosphine oxide derivative of a bis(propargyl)ether and an aldehyde afforded 3-oxabicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1(8),5-dienes (Scheme 62). ... 

Stability. In order to have maximum effectiveness over long periods of time, an antioxidant should be stable upon exposure to heat, light, oxygen, water, etc. Many antioxidants, especially in the presence of an impurity when exposed to light and oxygen, are subject to oxidation reactions with the development of colored species. Alkylated diphenyl amines are least susceptible and the -phenylenediamine derivatives the most susceptible to direct oxidation. 

Phototransformation of pyridazine 1,2-dioxides sharply contrasts with that of pyridazine 1-oxides. Pyridazine 1,2-dioxide derivatives give 3a,6a-dihydroisoxazolo[5,4- f]isoxazoles (53) through postulated bisiminoxyl radicals. 3,6-Diphenylpyridazine 1,2-dioxide gives, besides the corresponding bicyclic derivative (53), 3-phenylisoxazole (54) and 4,5-diphenyl-furoxan (55). The last two products can be explained by generation of the nitrile oxide from the intermediate (53) with subsequent dimerization to the furoxan (55 Scheme 18) (79T1267). 

There is a scattered body of data in the literature on ordinary photochemical reactions in the pyrimidine and quinazoline series in most cases the mechanisms are unclear. For example, UV irradiation of 4-aminopyrimidine-5-carbonitrile (109 R=H) in methanolic hydrogen chloride gives the 2,6-dimethyl derivative (109 R = Me) in good yield the 5-aminomethyl analogue is made similarly (68T5861). Another random example is the irradiation of 4,6-diphenylpyrimidine 1-oxide in methanol to give 2-methoxy-4,6-diphenyl-pyrimidine, probably by addition of methanol to an intermediate oxaziridine (110) followed by dehydration (76JCS(P1)1202). 

Little information is available about 5,6-dihydropteridines, of which various 6,7-diphenyl-5,6-dihydropterins (65HCA764, 69HCA306) and -lumazines (68HCA1029, 70HCA789) have been synthesized and characterized. As noticed already (51BSF521), this type of compound isomer-izes in an acid-catalyzed reaction to the 7,8-dihydro derivative (77HCA922) or oxidizes to... 

The oxidative coupling of 3,4-dimethyl-or 3,4-diphenyl-isoxazolin-5-one by activated Mn02 produced a 4,4 -bis(isoxazolinone) (519) and 2,4 -bis(isoxazolinone) (520). Hydrogenation of (519) over Pt02/H0Ac produced a pyrrole derivative while similar reaction of (520) produced an isomeric pyrrole (80JHC763). These reactions are shown in Scheme 152. 

Antioxidants. A good antioxidant should be added to CR adhesives to avoid oxidative degradation and acid tendering of substrates. Derivatives of diphenyl amine (octylated diphenyl amine, styrenated diphenyl amine) provide good performance but staining is produced. To avoid staining, hindered phenols or bisphenols can be added. 2 phr antioxidant is sufficient in solvent-borne CR adhesives formulations. 

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