2,4-Dinitrophenol, quantitation limits

Methods for Determining Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect. No biomarker has been identified that can be quantitatively related to dinitrophenol exposure (see Section 2.5.1) however, the presence and the amount of 2,4-DNP and 2-amino-4-nitrophenol, a metabolite in the urine, can be used as rough indicators of the intensity of exposure (see Section 2.5.1). The methods presently available for determining 2,4-DNP and 2-amino-4-nitrophenol (diazotization) in urine are outdated (Gisclard and Woodward 1946). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is available for the quantitation of 2-amino-4-nitrophenol in water samples, but is not effective in urine (Li et al. 1991). It would be useful to develop an updated routine method for determining 2,4-DNP, 2-amino-4-nitrophenol, and 4-amino-2-nitrophenol in urine with well-defined detection limits, precision, and accuracy. 

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