Dilution wave

Fig. 16 Series of interference contrast optical micrographs of an initially 4.2 wt % solution of n-Ci98H398 in phenyldecane at successive times (indicated) upon reaching Tc = 97.4 °C. The progress of the dilution wave is shown in (b) through (f), triggering the processes of crystallization of needle-like extended-chain crystals and simultaneous dissolution of folded-chain crystals. The needles form along the two 100 faces of the truncated lozenge shaped folded-chain crystals, with a third parallel crystal often appearing in the middle. Bar = 20 pm. (From [44] by permission of American Physical Society)...

Fig. 17 Simulation of two dilution waves initiated by a small, localized perturbation. There is a fixed time period between each of the curves. The parameter is the scaled difference between concentrations of saturated solutions cE and cp2 in equilibrium with, respectively, extended and folded-chain crystals at temperature Tc, such that c = cE + (cp2 - cE) (from [46] by permission of American Institute of Physics)...

A minimum in growth rate occurs as a function of either crystallization temperature or solution concentration at all growth transitions b etween successive integer folded forms. The latter results in negative-order kinetics, the dilution wave effect, and autocatalytic crystallization. 

Rowell and co-workers [62-64] have developed an electrophoretic fingerprint to uniquely characterize the properties of charged colloidal particles. They present contour diagrams of the electrophoretic mobility as a function of the suspension pH and specific conductance, pX. These fingerprints illustrate anomalies and specific characteristics of the charged colloidal surface. A more sophisticated electroacoustic measurement provides the particle size distribution and potential in a polydisperse suspension. Not limited to dilute suspensions, in this experiment, one characterizes the sonic waves generated by the motion of particles in an alternating electric field. O Brien and co-workers have an excellent review of this technique [65]. 

Targets and spirals have been observed in the CIMA/CDIMA system [13] and also in dilute flames (i.e. flames close to their lean flammability limits) in situations of enlianced heat loss [33]. In such systems, substantial fiiel is left unbumt. Spiral waves have also been implicated in the onset of cardiac arrhytlnnia [32] the nomial contractive events occurring across the atria in the mannnalian heart are, in some sense, equivalent to a wave pulse initiated from the sino-atrial node, which acts as a pacemaker. If this pulse becomes fragmented, perhaps by passing over a region of heart muscle tissue of lower excitability, then spiral structures (in 3D, these are scroll waves) or re-entrant waves may develop. These have the incorrect... 

Co concentration was determined by spectrophotometer (Varian Cary 500) at 692 nm wave length, with the sample diluted with a 9 mol/L concentrated HCl solution. NO content in gas phase was obtained by an on-line Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (Nicolet E.S.P. 460 FT-IR) equipped with a gas cell and a quantitative package, Quant Pad. 

Dilute gold alloys with Cu, Ag, Ni, Pd, and Pt as absorbers Correlation of isomer shift with residual electrical resistivity, wave function at Fermi level, s--band population of gold... 

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