Digging for Gold

Shandera, Nanci. Digging for gold the art soul of spiritual experience.. ... 

South Wales, and dig for gold in the debris and drift with whom Mr. Clarke was afterwards associated, ... 

Nanci Shandera, Ph.D. is a Mystery School teacher and spiritual counselor and dreamworker at EarthSpirit Center in Eagle Rock, California. This article is excerpted from her book in progress Digging for Gold the Art Soul of Spiritual Experience. She can be reached at 323-254-5458. Her website is www. EarthSpiritCenter. com. 

At first glance, the methodological differences between a philosophical and a historical reflection on science appear to be overwhelming and insurmountable. There is, it seems, no possibility for communication between a historian and a philosopher of science. Some people would be content with such a state of affairs according to the maxim Do not meddle with others business. The claims are marked out and everybody has to dig in his own place for gold. However, I think that - notwithstanding academic freedom - as members of the academic republic we have neither the right nor the possibility to act in this manner. 

A unique method to generate the pyridine ring employed a transition metal-mediated 6-endo-dig cyclization of A-propargylamine derivative 120. The reaction proceeds in 5-12 h with yields of 22-74%. Gold (HI) salts are required to catalyze the reaction, but copper salts are sufficient with reactive ketones. A proposed reaction mechanism involves activation of the alkyne by transition metal complexation. This lowers the activation energy for the enamine addition to the alkyne that generates 121. The transition metal also behaves as a Lewis acid and facilitates formation of 120 from 118 and 119. Subsequent aromatization of 121 affords pyridine 122. 

Cyclization of. V-alkeny lam ides to 2-oxazolines was achieved in very mild conditions with fert-butyl hypoiodite <06OL3335>. The 5-exo-dig gold(I)-catalyzed cyclization of propargylic trichloroacetimidates 129 proceeded with remarkably efficiency under very mild conditions to give 4-methylene-4,5-dihydrooxazoles 130 in good yields. The mildness of the protocol was clearly responsible for the lack of isomerization of the final products to the corresponding, thermodynamically more stable, oxazoles <06OL3537>. 

In the seventeenth century, miners believed that base metals gradually develop in the mine into the more perfect ones such as silver and gold. ]. R. Glauber said that when the miners sometimes dig up an untimely ore, such as bismuth, cobalt, or zinc, and test it for silver without finding any, they say, we have come too soon. . (97). Glauber,... 

Hydroamination of Alkynes The discovery of palladium-catalyzed intramolecular addition of amines to acetylene coupled with the spectacular contribution of Hutchings opened the door for the synthesis of several nitrogen heterocycles. The first study in this field was performed by Utimoto et al., who researched gold catalyzed intramolecular 6-exo-dig hydroamination. Tautomerization of the initial enamines allowed them to obtain imines, which were thermodynamically more stable [111] (Scheme 8.20). 

With gold(III), no conversion was observed (Table 12.16, entry 1) the coordina-tively saturated gold complex gave a low yield of the 6-endo-dig cyclization product (entry 2). The cationic gold complex with a free coordination site gives an excellent yield with the same selectivity (entry 3) the same is true for AgSbF6 alone (entry 4). But this is not true for all silver catalysts with a systematic increase in the pK.A value of the conjugate acid of the silver counterion, increased portions of the 5-exo-dig product were produced (entries 5 and 6). 

For 1,6-enynes, the initial cyclopropyl gold carbene formed in the 5-exo-dig cyclization (equation 37) evolves to form... 

Ross, B.D., Danielsen, E.R., Blund, S. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy the new gold standard for diagnosis of clinical and subclinical hepatic encephalopathy. Dig. Dis. 1996 14 30—39... 

---