Diffusion ballistic phase

In a recent study, Huan et al. [25] performed NM R experiments in vibrofluidized beds of mustard seeds in which the small sample volume allowed pulses short enough that displacements in the ballistic phase were distinguishable from those in the diffusion phase. In this case, the average collision frequency is measured directly, bypassing the uncertainty of the multiplicative factor mentioned above. These workers also measured the height dependence of the granular temperature profile. 

If Eq. (14) holds then anomalous diffusion may appear only for D = 0 and very strong Lagrangian velocity correlations. The latter condition can be realized— for example, in time periodic velocity fields where the Lagrangian phase space has a complicated self-similar structure of islands and cantori [30]. Here superdiffusion is due to the almost trapping, for arbitrarily long time, of the ballistic trajectories close to the cantori, which are organized in complicated selfsimilar structures. 

The process of charge carrier transport may occur in two steps (1) the injection of charge carriers into the material and (2) the movement of charge carriers through the material via hopping, tunneling, ballistic transport, diffusion, or metallic conduction. For composites with at least two phases, several aspects have to be considered the conduction in the polymer matrix, in the filler material, between adjacent filler... 

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