Dielectric materials classification

Fig. 6.3. Schematic overview and classification of gate-dielectric materials used in organic TFTs.

In this review, nanoporous dielectric materials have been presented. The preparation techniques, methods of pore generation, and materials classification were discussed. Inorganic, organic, and hybrid films were also discussed. The nanoporous dielectric films were classified by preparation method, which includes block copolymer, solvent as porogen approach, surfactant templating, and sol-gel approach. This is still a very active field of research because no one film has satisfied all the stringent requirements in semiconductor device processing. 

Electrets are dielectric materials capable of quasi-permanently storing electric charges at their surface or in their bulk. This chapter presents a brief history of electret research, followed by a classification and introduction of the most important electret materials. The chapter also discusses ferroelectrets and recent developments in charge stability. 

Commercial dryers differ fundamentally by the methods of heat transfer employed (see classification of diyers, Fig. 12-45). These industrial-diyer operations may utihze heat transfer by convection, conduction, radiation, or a combination of these. In each case, however, heat must flow to the outer surface and then into the interior of the solid. The single exception is dielectric and microwave diying, in which high-frequency electricity generates heat internally and produces a high temperature within the material and on its surface. 

EAPs can be broadly divided into two categories based on their method of actuation ionic and field-activated. Further subdivision based on their actuation mechanism and the type of material involved is also possible. Ionic polymer-metal composites, ionic gels, carbon nanotubes, and conductive polymers fall under the ionic classification. Ferroelectric polymers, polymer electrets, electrostrictive polymers, and dielectric elastomers fall under the electronic classification. 

Behavior of Dielectrics in Electric Fields Classification of Polar Materials. 523... 

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