Diazepam acute renal failure

The clinical effects of LSD ingestion are usually benign and require no medical intervention. However, panic attacks may be severe and require treatment with diazepam LSD-induced psychosis may be treated with haloperidol. Rare cases of massive overdose have resulted in life-threatening hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, hepatic failure, DIG, respiratory arrest, and coma. Few if any well-documented deaths directly related to LSD ingestion have been reported. 

Acute renal failure has been associated with a variety of sedatives and hypnotics including barbiturates, benzodiazepines, glutethimide, and chlorpromazine [90, 91, 94, 102]. The acute renal failure is usually related to rhabdomyolysis but the classical clinical picture of acute interstitial nephritis has been reported in one patient with the use of diazepam, although no renal biopsy was performed [165]. In those patients with... 

Liu J et al Death following cupric sulfate emesis. J Toxicol Clin Tox/co/2001 39(2) 161-163. [PMID 11407502] (Case report of fatal copper poisoning after It was used Inappropriately as an emetic or a patient with a diazepam overdose. The patient developed hemolysis and acute renal failure. Postmortem blood Cu level was 5.31 mg/L.)... 

Tenamfetamine ( ecstasy, MDMA methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is structurally related to mescaline as well as to amphetamine. It was originally patented in 1914 as an appetite suppressant and has recently achieved widespread popularity as a dance drug at rave parties (where it is deemed necessary to keep pace with the beat and duration of the music popular names reflect the appearance of the tablets and capsules and include White Dove, White Burger, Red and Black, Denis the Menace). Tenamfetamine stimulates central and peripheral a-and p-adrenoceptors thus the pharmacological effects are compounded by those of physical exertion, dehydration and heat. In susceptible individuals (poor metabolisers who exhibit the CYP450 2D6 polymorphism) a severe and fatal idiosyncratic reaction may occur with fulminant hyperthermia, convulsioirs, disseminated intravascular coagulation, rhabdomyolysis, and acute renal and hepatic failure. Treatment includes activated charcoal, diazepam for convulsions, P-blockade (atenolol) for tachycardia, a-blockade (phentolamine) for hypertension, and dantrolene if the rectal temperature exceeds 39°C. 

---