Blood pressure diastolic

As a result of such studies hypertension has been operationally defined as the blood pressure level above which therapeutic intervention has clinical benefit. As increasingly aggressive intervention has continued to demonstrate benefits, this level has gradually reduced over time and is commonly defined as systolic blood pressure>l40 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg (Table 1). Isolated systolic hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure <90 mmHg. 

The higher category applies, if systolic and diastolic blood pressure values of a patient fall into different categories. 

Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure and Pulse Pressure 1175... 

Systolic pressure, or maximum blood pressure, occurs during left ventricular systole. Diastolic pressure, or minimum blood pressure, occurs during ventricular diastole. The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure is the pulse pressure. While diastolic blood pressure has been historically been used as the most relevant clinical blood pressure phenotype, it has now been clearly established that systolic blood pressure is the more important clinical predictor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. More recently, additional attention is focussed on the importance of pulse pressure, i.e. the blood pressure amplitude, as a predictive factor for cardiovascular disease. 

Reduce mean arterial pressure (MAP) by 20-25% or to a diastolic blood pressure of 110 mmHg in hypertensive emergencies... 

Antihypertensive agents should be avoided unless the systolic blood pressure is >220 mmHg or the diastolic blood pressure is >120 mmHg (see Table 3.2 for management)... 

Systolic blood pressure (SBP) <220 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <120 mmHg... 

BP, blood pressure CCB, calcium channel blocker agent DBP, diastolic blood pressure SBP, systolic blood pressure. (Adapted from JNC 7 Modified from Saseen JJ, Carter BL. Hypertension. In DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, et al, (eds.) Pharmacotherapy A Pathophysiologic Approach. 6th ed. New York McGraw-Hill 2005 194, with permission.)... 

The selection of blood pressure cuff size based on a patient s arm circumference is crucial for the accurate measurement of blood pressure. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure tend to increase when the cuff size is too small relative to the patient s arm circumference. This circumstance is important due to the increasing prevalence of obesity in developed nations. Currently, the guidelines of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Blood Pressure Measurement in Humans recommends cuff sizes for small, standard, and large adults with an optimal 2 1 ratio of cuff length/width based on arm circumference.18... 

CHD, coronary heart disease DBP, diastolic blood pressure HDL, high-density lipoprotein SBP, systolic blood pressure. 

Hypotension (systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure less than 60 mm Hg)... 

CABG Coronary artery bypass grafting DBP Diastolic blood pressure... 

Mean arterial blood pressure A calculated measure of arterial blood pressure mean arterial blood pressure = (2 x diastolic blood pressure + systolic blood pressure)/3. 

The relationship of PbB level to systolic and diastolic blood pressure was determined in a study of 89 Boston policemen (race not specified) (Weiss et al. 1986, 1988). These policemen were under observation for health outcomes related to environmental work exposures (i.e., they had traffic exposure histories). After statistically adjusting for previous systolic blood pressure, body mass index, age, and cigarette smoking, high PbB level ( 30 pg/dL) was a significant (p=0.01) predictor of subsequent elevation in systolic blood pressure of 1.5-11 mm Hg in the working policemen with normal blood pressure. Low PbB level (20-29 pg/dL) was not a predictor of subsequent systolic blood pressure elevations. Diastolic pressure was unrelated to PbB levels. 

Simple correlational analysis of the NHANES II data by Harlan (1988) and Harlan et al. (1985) revealed statistically significant associations between PbB levels and systolic and diastolic blood pressure for both men and women, aged 12-74 years. Statistical analyses controlling for a number of other potentially confounding factors (e.g., age, race, and body mass index), however, indicated significant associations between PbB level and blood pressure only for the men. Based on these analyses, the effect of PbB concentration on blood pressure was estimated to be an increase in blood pressure of 7 mm Hg at PbB levels between 14 and 30 pg/dL. 

Rat (Sprague-Dawtey) 18 mo 7 d/wk 1x/d (W) Cardio 1.4 M 2.8 M (increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure) Carmignani et al. 1988a PbAc... 

Low-level, chronic-duration exposure of rats to lead (30 ppm lead acetate in the drinking water) for 18 months resulted in a 10-15 mm Hg increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure without any change in heart rate or histopathological evidence of damage to the kidney, heart, brain, aorta, or liver... 

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