Diagram for Potassium Fig

2-17 Mollier diagram for potassium. Basis enthalpy = 0.0 cal/g atom at 298 K-entropy = 15.8 cal/(g atom-K) at 298 K. (Aerojet-General Rep. AGN8194, vol. 2,1967. Reproduced by permission.) 

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Fig. 1. Schematic diagram for the commercial production of potassium from sodium and potassium chloride. EM = electromagnetic.

The potassium/caesium phase diagram is an example of a system involving the formation of mixed crystals with a temperature minimum (Fig. 4.4). The right and left halves of the diagram are of the same type as the diagram for antimony/bismuth. The minimum corresponds to a special point for which the compositions of the solid and the liquid are the same. Other systems can have the special point at a temperature maximum. 

FIG. 8.13 Two representations of a portion of the phase diagram for the water-benzene-potassium oleate-pentanol system. The unshaded regions represent homogenous solutions, (a) Redrawn, with permission, from S. Friberg and I. Burasczeska, Prog. Colloid Polym. Sci., 63, 1 (1978). (b) Redrawn, with permission, from C. U. Herrmann, U. Wurz, and M. Kahlweit, In Solution Chemistry of Surfactants, Vols. 1 and 2 (K. L. Mittal, Ed.), Plenum, New York, 1979. 

The equilibrium conditions with soln. of magnesium and potassium sulphates, at different temp., are illustrated by the diagram, Fig. 5. The point A represents the f.p. of water, 0° B, the cryohydric temp., —2 9° for magnesium sulphate C, the cryohydric temp., —L50, for potassium sulphate D, the cryohydric temp., —4 5°, for the mixed potassium sulphate and schonite E, the cryohydric temp., —5°, for the mixture of schonite and MgS04.12H20 F, the transition point, 0 7°, for the... 

In Fig. 25, we give scale diagrams for syw-periplanar, cmli-periplanar, and syn-cyclic dehydrochlorination of chloroethane with potassium alkoxide. The standard expression for an ion-dipole interaction is given in (194) (Amis, 1966), in which the negative and positive signs are... 

Fig. 5. Tentative mixed potential model for the sodium-potassium pump in biological membranes the vertical lines symbolyze the surface of the ATP-ase and at the same time the ordinate of the virtual current-voltage curves on either side resulting in different Evans-diagrams. The scale of the absolute potential difference between the ATP-ase and the solution phase is indicated in the upper left comer of the figure. On each side of the enzyme a mixed potential (= circle) between Na+, K+ and also other ions (i.e. Ca2+ ) is established, resulting in a transmembrane potential of around — 60 mV. This number is not essential it is also possible that this value is established by a passive diffusion of mainly K+-ions out of the cell at a different location. This would mean that the electric field across the cell-membranes is not uniformly distributed.

It is furthermore interesting to note that in a specific refraction -composition diagram (Fig. 71) for the potassium- and sodium-silicate glasses studied, the points are... 

The solubility diagrams of several species are shown in Fig. 2, and these illustrate the importance of solubility behavior in the selection of the mode of crystallization. For example, consider the differences between potassium nitrate and sodium chloride The solubility of potassium nitrate is strongly influenced by the system temperature, whereas the opposite is true for sodium chloride. As a consequence, (1) a high yield of potassium nitrate crystals can be obtained by cooling a saturated feed solution,... 

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