Development of radioimmunoassay

Since the development of radioimmunoassay (RIA), many assays that rely on the specificity of the antigen-antibody binding reaction have been developed because of their inherent sensitivity and specificity. A typical competitive binding... 

History of the development of radioimmunoassays the author s Nobel lecture. 

New interesting peptide hormones have also been found in human, animal, and vegetable organs owing to the improvements in methods of analysis and separation. For example, the development of radioimmunoassay first paved the way for the investigation of neuropeptides. Thus, R. Guillemin and A. V. Schally were able to... 

With the development of radioimmunoassays (RIAs) in the 1960s that used radioactive isotopes as labels (see Chapter 9), the measurement of radioactivity became a common and important practice in clinical laboratories. However, concerns about, and problems with, the safe handhng and disposal of radioactive reagents and waste have led to the development of immunoassays that use nonisotopic labels (see Chapter 9). The rapid acceptance and extensive use of nonisotopic immunoassays by the clinical laboratory have resulted in a decreased use of RIA and ultimately a decreased requirement for them to measure radioactivity. Because of this deemphasis on the necessity to measure radioactivity, only a brief discussion of the topic is presented here. Readers requiring more detail on this topic are referred to the chapter entitled Basic Principles of Radioactivity and Its Measurement that is included in a prior edition of this textbook, ... 

Roger Gulllemln, Andrew V. Serially, Rosalyn Yalow Peptide hormone production of the brain and development of radioimmunoassays of peptide hormones... 

B Kaul, SJ Millian, B Davidow. The development of radioimmunoassay for detection of cocaine metabolites. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 199 171, 1976. 

GC Nordblom, et al. Development of radioimmunoassays for measurement of the specific bronchodilator procaterol in human urine and plasma. J Clin Immunol 15 258, 1992. 

K Kawashima, R Dixon, S Spector. Development of radioimmunoassay for chlor-promazine. Eur J Pharmacol 32 195, 1975. 

BS Chakraborty, MS Sardessai, TJ Jaworski, KK Midha, EM Hawes. Synthesis and properties of haptens for the development of radioimmunoassays for thioridazine, mesoridazin, and sulforidazine. Pharm Res 4 207, 1987. 

KK Midha, et al. Development of radioimmunoassay procedure for sulforidazine and its comparison with a high performance liquid chromatographic method. Ther Drug Monit 10 205, 1988. 

A Mizuchi, S Saruta, N Kitagawa, Y Miyachi. Development of radioimmunoassay for sultopride and sulpiride. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 254 317, 1981. 

JC Ergrie, et al. Development of radioimmunoassays for human erythropoietin using recombinant erythropoietin as tracer and immunogen. J Immunol Meth 99 235, 1987. 

At one time it was the biological response to the hormone which formed the basis of bioassays for measuring hormone activity. The development of radioimmunoassays revolutionized the study of endocrinology, although measurement of structurally related honnones continues to be a problem for the clinical biochemistry laboratory. TIte use of momx lonalantibtxJies has allowed the development of more... 

J.D. McKinney, Development of Radioimmunoassays for Chlorinated Aromatic Hydrocarbons. In Environmental Health Chemistry. 

Considerable attention has been paid recently to the development of radioimmunoassay techniques for detecting serum levels of glycosides and this has led to valuable information on the antigenicity of individual members of the series. 

In 1938, the experimental and theoretical cognition of nuclear fission by O. Hahn and F. Strassmann, and the theoretical explanation by L. Meitner and O. R. Frisch (1944 Nobel Prize to O. Hahn for. .. discovery of the fission of heavy elements...) made our last century the Uranium century. Radiopharmaceutical chemistry, interestingly, has made a significant and exclusively peaceful profit from this nuclear phenomenon, as the fission of uranium today provides an unrenouncable resource of radionuclides applied in nuclear medicine diagnosis and therapy. The uranium fission product l, for example, became a key radionucKde in the 1950s, when R. S. Yalow and S. A. Berson developed the approach of radioimmunoassay for quantitative in vitro analysis of physiological and biochemical processes (1977 Nobel prize to R. S. Yalow for. .. the development of radioimmunoassays...). 

The development of radioimmunoassays has permitted measurement of the amount of growth hormone in the blood of acromegalics. The normal blood level may be increased up to 100 times in acromegalics. Patients who develop no further symptoms of acromegaly continue to have excessive amounts of growth hormone in their blood. 

The development of radioimmunoassays (RIA), based on studies by Yalow and Berson, has opened up an area of application especially in clinical chemistry [20], [21]. 

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