Developing agents fine-grain

The development of the principles of nucleation and growth eady in the twentieth century (2) ultimately led to the discovery that certain nucleating agents can induce a glass to crystallize with a fine-grained, highly uniform microstmcture that offers unique physical properties (3). The first commercial glass-ceramic products were missile nose cones and cookware. 

The soaps of the ethanolamines are extensively used in textile treating agents, in shampoos, and emulsifiers. The fatty acid amides of diethanolamine are applied as builders in heavy-duty detergents, particularly those in which alkylaryl sulfonates are the surfactant ingredients. The use of triethanolamine in photographic developing baths promotes fine grain structure in the film when developed. 

Geoffrey Crawley s FX 10 makes use of a ppd derivative, Kodak CD-2 , commonly found in modern color developers. As a developing agent, CD-2 works fester with less tendency to stain than ppd but is not capable of producing as fine a grain. 

Until the advent of 35 mm film, with the resulting emphasis on fine-grain developers, glycin was used mainly in paper developers. Now it is sometimes used in combination with other developing agents for fine-grain film development. 

Uses As a fine-grain silver solvent a substitute for p-phenylenediamine or very weak developing agent. Usually used in combination with metol. 

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