Petroleum desulfurization

Kodama, Y. Watanabe, K., and Harayama, S., Method for Electrobiologically Desulfurizing Petroleum Patent No. JP2003201484. 2003, July 18. 

Their activities in desulfurization lead to a hybrid process, protected under the title of Method for electrobiologically desulfurizing petroleum [143], awarded to the Marine Biotechnology Institute by the Japanese Patent Office [143], This method is based on contacting anaerobic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria with petroleum under anaerobic condition or microaerophilic conditions. The bacteria used belonged to Proteobacteria or Thiomicrospira bacteria. 

Gulf Resid A process for desulfurizing petroleum residues, developed by Gulf Oil Corporation. 

Desulfurized petroleum is separated from the aqueous/biocatalyst output stream. 

Refining engineers and chemists are most interested in the ease of desulfurizing petroleum using thermal and thermocatalytic treatments. The sulfur is removed primarily as hydrogen sulfide. Thermal and thermocatalytic studies have established that non-thiophenic sulfur (aliphatic as in thiols, acyclic and cyclic sulfides) evolve H2S much more readily than thiophenic sulfur (aromatic heterocyclic compounds). Thus, the relative abundances of nonthiophenic (aliphatic) and thiophenic (aromatic) sulfur is a critical characteristic for all fuels with respect to ease of desulfurization. Analytical methods were developed in the 1960s for classifying the total sulfur in crude... 

To date, all of the research effort has not produced a commercial process to desulfurize petroleum coke for use in aluminum cell anodes. However, there is a new and unique process that promises to succeed where so many previous attempts have failed. This new process has been patented (14) by Diamond West Energy Corporation, and the research work, conducted at The Cooper Union in New York City, has been jointly funded by Kennedy Van Saun Corporation and Diamond West. 

Desulco is a granular graphitic carbon made by desulfurizing petroleum coke at temperatures approaching 2500C. Desulco meets a sulfur specification of 0,03 percent sulfur maximum as required for use of the product as a recarburiser for production of ductile iron,... 

Hydrogen is now used primarily to produce ammonia and methanol, and to upgrade and desulfurize petroleum products at refineries. Hydrogen is also used in the manufacture of semiconductors, in food processing, and in the production of ammonia-based fertilizers. 

Gulf Resid A process for desulfurizing petroleum residues, developed by Gulf Oil Corporation. Speight, J.G., The Desulfurization of Heavy Oils and Residua, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1981, 175. 

Desulco. [Superior Gnq>hite] Desulfurized petroleum cdce. 

Criterion Catalyst Company announced two new lines of catalysts. One is called Century, and the other is called Centinel. These two lines of catalysts are reported to be 45-70% and 80% more active, respectively, at desulfurizing petroleum fuel than conventional catalysts used in the mid-90s... 

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