Deposition of the Solution onto a Substrate

Finally, for spray coating, the precursor solution is first converted into an aerosol of small drops by using an ultrasonic nebulizer, and afterward this spray is directed by a carrier gas to the substrate surface. Here, the spray is deposited by 

Dip coating and spray coating have an important advantage over spin coating, that is, the large-area deposition of substrates, which is extremely important in some applications of electroceramic thin films, such as those related to macroelectronics and flexible electronics [37,38]. In addition, spray coating provides the opportunity of the preparation of nonplanar shapes (e.g., steps, stacks, or trenches). 

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