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Depolarization first demonstrated

On the experimental side the observed thermally activated transition from Mu to Mu (Holzschuh et al., 1982 Odermatt et al., 1988) is important in two respects. First, it demonstrates conclusively that, at least in diamond, Mu is metastable with Mu being the stable configuration. Figure 10 shows the lifetime broadening of the Mu signal (depolarization... [Pg.585]

Presently, the only commercially available dyes that are applied because of then-ability to form fluorescent aggregates are trimethine cyanines JC-1 and JC-9 (Fig. 11) [25], the first one being studied much more extensively than the second one. The dye JC-1 is known to form red-fluorescent (emission maximum at 590 nm) J-aggregates in mitochondria possessing strong intramitochondrial negative potential, while upon depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, the dye monomer green emission (maximum at 527 nm) is observed [25]. JC-9 demonstrates similar properties [25]. Such properties permit the application of these dyes for, e.g., detection of apoptotic electrical depolarization of mitochondria [25]. [Pg.154]

Drugs that demonstrate calcium inhibitory activity display different cardiac membrane effects dependent upon their structure, physical properties and concentration. Compounds which interfere with Ca + influx are expected to prolong the duration of the action potential. This prediction is supported by evidence that decreased intracellular Ca2+ activity may decrease the late increase in K+ conductance and potentially prolong the duration of repolarization (phase 3) (69). The first substances reported to inhibit I without influencing rapid depolarization (phase 0) were Mn2+, Ni2+ and Co2+ (16,... [Pg.57]

There have been obtained also data that demonstrate a region of excitability induced by electrical polarization. This results in the appearance of electrical discharges following the first polarization, and a passive hysteresis effect during electrical depolarization. [Pg.389]

By combining classical samplings with quantum chemistry semiempirical TDHF calculations the impact of dynamic fluctuations on the first hyperpolarizability of helical strands has been evidenced . In particular, these fluctuations are responsible for relative variations of 20% in the hyper-Rayleigh responses in both pyridine-pyrimidine (py-pym) and hydrazone-pyrimidine (hy-pym) strands. Dynamical disorder has an even more important impact on the electric field-induced second harmonic generation responses, whose variations can reach 2 (py-pym) or 5 (hy-pym) times their mean value. These results demonstrate that geometrical fluctuations have to be taken into account for a reliable description of the second-order NLO properties in flexible structures such as helical strands. This work has also highlighted the relationships between the nature of the unit cell and the helical conformation of foldamers and their second-order NLO responses. In particular, the value of the hyper-Rayleigh depolarization ratio, which is characteristics of octupolar symmetry, is related to the helix periodicity, of three unit cells per turn in both compounds. [Pg.66]


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