Dependence addictive personalities

Brief experimentation with illicit opioids rarely leads to dependence, but persons who use opioids commonly escalate to daily use, at least once per month for at least a brief period. Among Vietnam War-era soldiers, experimentation with opioids was widespread 73% of the soldiers who used opioids at least five times became dependent however, 88% of enlisted men who became addicted to heroin did not become readdicted at any time in the 3 years after return, and 56% did not use opioids at all during that time (Robins et al. 1975). 

ATOS). Addiction, 98, 1129-35 Darke S, Ross J, Williamson A, Mills KL, Harvard A Teesson M (2007). Borderline personality disorder and persistently elevated levels of risk in 36 month outcomes for the treatment of heroin dependence. Addiction, 102, 1140-6... 

Psychological dependence is synonymous with addiction. Persons with a psychological dependence on a drug generally have a history of compulsive behaviors and a propensity to become involved with drugs for non-... 

Since many abusers of Rohypnol take the drug with alcohol, there may be two addictions present, and therefore, the addicted person should be referred for treatment for both the drug and alcohol dependence. In these patients, additional drugs must be given to alleviate alcohol withdrawal, which can include rising pulse and blood pressure, tremors, and profuse sweating. 

Naltrexone is used to treat persons dependent on opioids. Fhtients receiving naltrexone have been detoxified and are enrolled in a program for treatment of narcotic addiction. Naltrexone, along with other methods of treatment (counseling, psychotherapy), is used to maintain an opioid-free state Fhtients taking naltrexone on a... 

A person can meet criteria for abuse or dependence for one drug and not others, although there is concern about what has been referred to as cross-addiction. Cross-addiction means that a person who is dependent upon one substance may be dependent upon another, very similar one. An example might be a person who is diagnosed as dependent upon tranquilizers and who, you may fear, is also addicted to a similar substance such as alcohol. However, the research is not entirely clear on whether cross-addiction occurs, and I have known clients who had very specific problems with one substance who did not generalize into problems with other, similar substances. A person also may meet criteria for abuse or dependence for multiple substances generally, this is referred to more simply as substance abuse or substance dependence. 

All volumes in this series define addiction as an attachment to, or dependence upon, any substance, thing, person or idea so single-minded and intense that virtually all other realities are ignored or given second place — and consequences, even lethal ones, are disregarded (Mack, 2002). 

Amphetamines are synthetic sympthetomimetic amines that are powerful CNS stimulators, of few of which, in particular dextroamphetamine (8.1.2.2) and methylphenidate (8.1.2.6), are sometimes used for treating depressive conditions. They elevate mood, stimulate motor activity, vigilance, and allow one to concentrate better. However, depending on the dosage and personality of the patient, it may cause various degrees of euphoria, which frequently leads to dependence and addiction. 

Amphetamines are powerful synthetic psychostimnlants with a high potential of addiction. They increase vigilance and the ability to concentrate, temporarily elevate mood, and stim-nlate motor activity. However, depending on the dosage and more importantly on the person s personality, they can cause various levels of euphoria, raise blood pressure, and facilitate contraction of the sphincter of the nrinary bladder as well as facilitate the development of mydriasis. 

Addiction is a set of behaviors characterized by compulsive use of a drug and compulsion to obtain more of the drug for personal use. Psycholc ical dependence, the intense craving or desire to repeatedly use a drug or obtain a drug because it produces a sense of improved well-being, is a component of addictive behavior. 

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