Single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid

Carrier DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid, single stranded, from salmon testes (10 mg/ml). 

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) A double-stranded molecule held together by weak bonds between base pairs of nucleotides that encodes genetic information. The base sequence of each single strand can be deduced from that of its partner since base pairs form only between the bases A and T and between G and C. 

DNA (short for 2-deoxyribonucleic acid) is the biological molecule that determines the shape and structure of all organisms. It is found mostly in the nuclei of cells. Each strand of DNA is a polymer that is composed of repeating units, called nucleotides. A single strand of DNA may have more than one million nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of three parts a sugar, a phosphate group, and a base. 

This zinc-dependent endonuclease [EC 3.1.30.1] can act on either ribo- or deoxyribonucleic acids, with a preference for single-stranded substrates. It catalyzes the endonucleolytic cleavage of those nucleic acids to 5 -phospho-mononucleotide and 5 -phosphooligonucleotide end-products. 

Ananthaswamy, H.N. Eisenstark, A. (1977) Repair of hydrogen peroxide-induced single-strand breaks va. Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid. J. Bacterial., 130, 187-191... 

X. Sun, P. He, S. Liu, L. Ye and Y. Fang, Immobilization of single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid on gold electrode with self-assembled aminoethanethiol monolayer for DNA electrochemical sensor applications, Talanta, 47 (1998) 487-495. 

As much of the terminology used in molecular biology may be unfamiliar to some readers, it is appropriate to define some of the vocabulary and this is given in an appendix to this chapter. There are two types of nucleic acids, the ribonucleic acids (RNA) and the deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA). Genetic information is carried in the linear sequence of nucleotides in DNA. Each molecule of DNA contains two complementary strands of deoxyribonucleotides which contain the purine bases, adenine and guanine and the pyrimidines, cytosine and thymine. RNA is single-stranded, being composed of a linear sequence of ribonucleotides the bases are the same as in DNA with the exception that thymine is replaced by the closely related base uracil. DNA replication occurs by the polymerisation of a new complementary strand on to each of the old strands. 

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) carries the genetic information of all cellular forms of life. DNA is usually found as a double helix, in which the nucleoside bases of the single strands are stacked upon each other, forming strong hydrogen bonds with... 

Ribonucleic Acid. RNA yeast nucleic acid. Polynucleotide directly involved in protein synthesis found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm oi cells. Description of components of RNA see Nucleic Acids. The Four primary nucleosides are adenosine, guanosine, cytidine and uridine minor nucleosides are also found. The nucleosides are linked by phosphate diester bonds from the 3 -hydroxyl of one D -ribose to the 5 -hydroxyl of the next. The secondary structure of RNA is that of an incompletely Organized single-stranded polynucleotide consisting of some areas with helical structure alternating with non helical lengths. Compere Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA). Structure Brown,... 

There is less information in the literature about binding of alkaloids to ribonucleic acid than there is for deoxyribonucleic acid but such binding does occur. However, since ribonucleic acid is single-stranded, the intercalation mechanism does not apply. Binding of the purine alkaloids caffeine and theophylline follows the reverse order from their binding to DNA — theopylline binds with 10,000 times the affinity of caffeine [345], Elliptinium acetate, best-known for its intercalation into DNA, is easily oxidized to an A-ring quinone amine that binds to the 2 -oxygen atom of ribose units in RNA. The first product then cyclizes to a spiro derivative [346]. 

Double - stranded DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and single - stranded RNA (ribonucleic acid)... 

The two types of natural polynucleotides (nucleic acids) are classified according to the sugars they contain. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) contains exclusively P-o-ribose, while the sugar in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is P-2-deoxy-D-ribose. Different nucleic acids can have from around 80 nucleotides (nt), as in transfer RNA (tRNA), to over 10 nucleotide-pairs in a single eukaryotic chromosome. The unit for size of nucleic acid is the base (for single-stranded species) or the base-pair (bp, for double-stranded species), with the unit Kb (thousand base-pairs) and Mb (million base-pairs). Examples of synthetic homopolynucleotides are poly(uridylate) or poly(deoxyadenylate), in poly(U) or poly(dA)... 

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