Deoxy sugars trivial names

Several deoxy sugars have trivial names established by long usage, e.g. fucose (Fuc), quinovose (Qui) and rhamnose (Rha). They are illustrated here in the pyranose form. These names are retained for the unmodified sugars, but systematic names are usually preferred for the formation of names of derivatives, especially where deoxygenation is at a chiral centre of the parent sugar. (See also the alphabetical listing of trivial names in the Appendix.)... 

The trivial names fucitol and rhamnitol are allowed for the alditols corresponding to the 6-deoxy sugars fucose and rhamnose. 

Note, The last of the above examples is one of the possible forms of the compound referred to by the three-letter symbol Kdo (formerly the abbreviation KDO, from the previously allowed trivial name ketodeoxyoctonic acid). Similarly the symbol Kdn for the C9 sugar 3-deoxy-D-g/ycero-D-gaiacro-non-2-ulopyranosonic acid is widely used. 

In strongly acidic solutions, ascorbic acid can decarboxylate and, like other sugars, dehydrate. In model experiments almost quantitative amounts of carbon dioxide and furan-2-carbaldehyde are produced. The reaction mechanism is shown in Figure 5.30. An important product is 3-deoxy-L-threo-pentos-2-ulose, also known by its trivial name as 3-deoxy-t-xylosone, which plays an important role in the MaiUard reaction of pentoses. 

Amino-sugars are systematically named as amino derivatives of the corresponding deoxy-sugars where an amino group replaces a hydroxy group, also with respect to configuration. In the case of substitution at position 2 mostly the trivial... osamine names are preferred, e.g. ... 

Deoxy prefixes with a frontal locant are considered as detachable, therefore ordered alphabetically and used indiscriminately both for trivially and for systematically named sugars. In assigning the pertinent configurational descriptors, interposed CH2 (and also CO) groups are again disregarded. 

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