Denitration catalyst

The difficulty in controlling the regiochemistry during radical-denitration of allylic nitro compounds is well known. The migration of the double bond is a serious problem, as shown in Eq. 7.96. This problem is overcome by a hydride transfer reaction in the presence of a palladium catalyst (Eq. 7.97).140... 

In 1976 he was appointed to Associate Professor for Technical Chemistry at the University Hannover. His research group experimentally investigated the interrelation of adsorption, transfer processes and chemical reaction in bubble columns by means of various model reactions a) the formation of tertiary-butanol from isobutene in the presence of sulphuric acid as a catalyst b) the absorption and interphase mass transfer of CO2 in the presence and absence of the enzyme carboanhydrase c) chlorination of toluene d) Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Based on these data, the processes were mathematically modelled Fluid dynamic properties in Fischer-Tropsch Slurry Reactors were evaluated and mass transfer limitation of the process was proved. In addition, the solubiHties of oxygen and CO2 in various aqueous solutions and those of chlorine in benzene and toluene were determined. Within the framework of development of a process for reconditioning of nuclear fuel wastes the kinetics of the denitration of efQuents with formic acid was investigated. 

The pentanitrates can be partially and fully denitrated by warming with pyridine and by hydrogenating with hydrogen over palladium-on-charcoal catalyst respectively. In the latter case the original pentitols were recovered. 

Both experimental and theoretical studies have been reported of fluoro-denitration and fluoro-dechlorination reactions using anhydrous tetrabutylammonium fluoride in DMSO. The absences of ion pairing and strong solvation are critical in contributing to the reactivity of the fluorinating agent24 Quaternary ammonium salts derived from cinchona alkaloids have been shown to be effective catalysts in an improved asymmetric substitution reaction of /1-dicarbonyl compounds with activated fluoroarenes. The products may be functionalized to yield spiro-oxindoles.25... 

Weisweiler, W. Environmentally friendly denitrification catalysts based on iron/manganese oxide/sulfate for use in simultaneous denitration and desulphurization of waste gases in a circulating fluidized bed, DECHEMA Monogr., 118 (Katalyse), pp. 81-103 (1989). 

Then, the preparation by catalytic reduction of multimetallic catalysts for application in water denitration was extended to other bimetallic nanoparticles such as Pt-Ag [35], Pd-Cu [33, 35-37], Pd-Sn [38], Cu-Pt (8), Cu-Pd [8] or to trimetallic nanoparticles such as Pd-Sn-Au [46], deposited on various supports. 

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