Delphinium spp

A. septrentrionale, A. sinomontanum, Delphinium spp. (Ranunculaceae) [aerial, tuber]... 

Whilst a review of the literature reveals an abundance of reports dealing with the LC-MS of alkaloids, this chapter will cover only some of those applications where they lend support to the aspects being described. In addition the chapter includes a more detailed description of research from the authors laboratories on the extraction and LC-MS analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and the alkaloids present in Delphinium spp. (larkspurs). 

Fig. 13.22 ESI-MS spectra of composite plant samples (Delphinium spp.) used for chemotaxonomy (reserpine was not added for this qualitative comparison). Croup D (Delphinium glaucum, from the Sierra Nevada region) was the most distinct group based on simple qualitative presence or absence of...

Wochschr. Pharm. 3, 269 (1865), Widely distributed in Aconitum and Delphinium spp, Ranuncuiaceae. Structure Edwards et at. Can. J. Chem. 34, 1315 (1956) Anet et al. ibid. 35t 400 (1957), Identity with royline Edwards, Rodger, ibid, 37, 1187 (1959), Stereochemistry Przybylska,... 

Delphinium spp., of which the larkspur is a familiar example, have often been the cause of poisoning in cattle and a few have been used as... 

Jimsonweed (Thornapple), Datura stramonium Lantana (Red Sage), Lantana camara Larkspur, Delphinium spp Laurel (Mountain laurel), Kalmia latifolia Locoweed (Crazyweed), Oxytropis spp Lupine (Bluebonnet), Lupinus spp... 

The norditerpenoid alkaloids are complex, multi-cyclic Ciq diterpene alkaloids which are highly substituted with hydroxyl, methoxyl and ester groups. These alkaloids occur in members of the Ranunculaceae family (primarily in Aconitum spp. and Delphinium spp.) and many have been determined to be highly toxic to humans and animals. They occur as two skeletal structure types [36,37]. Three structural sub-types are associated with skeletal type 36, based upon C-7 substitution patterns and C-8, C15 unsaturation aconitine type (i.e. aconitine [38]) lycoctonine type (i.e. lycoctonine [36]) and pyrodelphinine type (i.e. pyrodelphinine [39]). Skeletal type 37 is designated the heteratisine type (i.e. heteratisine [37]) norditerpenoid alkaloids (Pelletier et al., 1984). Only a small number of pyrodelphinine and heteratisine type norditerpenoid alkaloids have been characterized and there is very limited toxicity data available for them (Benn and Jacyno, 1983). More than 300 aconitine and lycoctonine norditerpenoid alkaloids have been characterized (Pelletier et al., 1984, 1991). Aconitum spp. contain almost exclusively aconitine type alkaloids while Delphinium spp. contain primarily lycoctonine type with a few aconitine type alkaloids. 

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