Light hydrocarbons dehydrogenation

Houdry butane dehydrogenation a catalytic process for dehydrogenating light hydrocarbons to their corresponding mono- or diolefins. 

Dehydrogenation of isobutane to isobutylene is highly endothermic and the reactions are conducted at high temperatures (535—650°C) so the fuel consumption is sizeable. Eor the catalytic processes, the product separation section requires a compressor to facHitate the separation of hydrogen, methane, and other light hydrocarbons from-the paraffinic raw material and the olefinic product. An exceHent overview of butylenes is avaHable (81). 

The product coming out of the reactor consists of excess hydrogen and a reformate rich in aromatics. Typically the dehydrogenation of naphthenes approaches 100%. From 0% to 70% of the paraffins are dehydrocyclized. The liquid product from the separator goes to a stabilizer where light hydrocarbons are removed and sent to a debutanizer. The debutanized platformate is then sent to a splitter where Cg and C9 aromatics are removed. The platformate splitter overhead, consisting of benzene, toluene, and nonaromatics, is then solvent extracted (46). 

Catalytic Reforming A catalytic reaction of heavy naphtha(1) used to produce high-octane gasoline. The byproducts are hydrogen and light hydrocarbons the primary reaction is dehydrogenation of naphthenes to produce aromatics. Some reshaping of paraffins to produce aromatics and some isomerization of paraffins to produce isoparaffins also occur. 

Phillips Petroleum Co. Olefins Light Hydrocarbons to light naphtha Dehydrogenation of light paraffins uses proprietary catalysts for high selecbvibes 2 1992... 

The low cost of light alkanes and the fact that they are generally environmentally acceptable because of their low chemical reactivity have provided incentives to use them as feedstock for chemical production. A notable example of the successful use of alkane is the production of maleic anhydride by the selective oxidation of butane instead of benzene (7). However, except for this example, no other successful processes have been reported in recent years. A potential area for alkane utilization is the conversion to unsaturated hydrocarbons. Since the current chemical industry depends heavily on the use of unsaturated hydrocarbons as starting material, if alkanes can be dehydrogenated with high yields, they could become alternate feedstock. 

The activities of heat-integrated processes with recuperative heat exchange are mainly devoted to the conversion of primary fuels (hydrocarbons or alcohols) to hydrogen, with few exceptions - for example, investigations on the dehydrogenation of light alkanes in Schmidt s group [3]. The practical relevance and vitality of... 

Whereas the cracking reaction rate becomes significant above 700 dehydrogenations only take place substantially above 800 to 850. Moreover, the processes of the formation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons and coke only occur rapidly at temperatures above 900 to 100(y C The adoption of long residence times or the elevation of the reaction temperatures hence favor the reaction yielding heavy aromatic derivatives at the expense of the production of light olehns by cracking. 

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