Degradation to ethylene

The formed acrolein was photochemically degraded to ethylene and carhon monoxide. It has been found that radioactivity was exclusively associated with ethylene when propylene tagged with at C2 was used. Also, carhon monoxide was found to he free from radioactivity ... 

Chen et al. (1999) studied the anaerobic transformation of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, and choroethane in a lab-scale, municipal wastewater sludge digester. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane degraded via reductive dechlorination to give 1,1-dichloroethane, chloroethane, and then ethane. When cell-free extracts were used, 1,1,1-trichloroethane degraded to acetic acid (90% yield) and 1,1-dichloroethylene, the latter degrading to ethylene. 

Decomposes in acids releasing carbon disulfide. In oxygenated waters, mancozeb degraded to ethylene thiuram monosulfide, ethylene diisocyanate, ethylene thiourea, ethylenediamine, and sulfur (Worthing and fiance, 1991). 

Maneb or mancozeb. Maneb released to water may be subject to abiotic degradation to ethylene thiuram disulfide, ethylene thiourea (ETU), ethylenediamine (EDA), and ethylene thiuram monosulfide (ETM)... 

The second and simpler amino acid is found in apples, pears, and grapefruit, and encourages fruit ripening by degradation to ethylene. 

Ethephon Application jContinuous ethylene exposure was achieved by application of a 300 Mg f ethephon solution to the plants. Ethephon degrades to ethylene in plant tissue and results in a continuous ethylene esianation extending over several days (7). 

Lanosterol prepared from the labeled squalene mixture, was degraded to acetate by Kuhn-Roth oxidation (sulfochromic treatment) and in turn, the acetate was degraded to ethylene for mass spectrometric analysis. Consideration of the labeling patterns reveals that only structure D can give rise to ethylene containing at both carbon atoms. Since such doubly labeled ethylene was actually detected, it was concluded that the process of two 1,2-methyl migrations actually occurs. 

In many polymerizations cyclic material is produced by a concurrent backbiting reaction as linear polymer is formed. For example dioxan Is formed In the cationic polymerization of ethylene oxide to polyoxyethylene, and polyoxyethylene can be degraded to... 

Acrylonitrile is also metabolized to CO which is eliminated through the lungs. Carbon dioxide is produced when acrylonitrile is metabolized to ethylene oxide and degraded to oxidation products and cyanide via the epoxide hydratase pathways (Farooqui and Ahmed 1982 Young et al. 1977). 

Robers MJ, Harris JM (1998) Attachment of degradable Poly(ethylene glycol) to proteins has the potential to increase therapeutic efficacy. J Pharm sci 11 1440-1445... 

The ACS function is known only in higher plants. The activity of ACS isozymes is a key regulatory factor of ethylene biosynthesis pathway. In general, microorganisms liberate ethylene but their ethylene synthesis pathways do not involve ACC as an intermediate. Penicillium citrinum is the first reported microorganism that is able to synthesize ACC from SAM and to degrade it into ammonia and a-ketobutyrate, not to ethylene. ACS from P. citrinum shows a 100-fold higher for SAM than its plant counterparts. ... 

In addition to ligand-mediated degradation of ethylene receptor proteins, ethylene affects the expression of various receptor genes in different ways. Some of them are ethylene inducible, whereas others are not affected by ethylene. " " Such a diversity suggests the mechanism through which plants coordinate the ethylene responses. 

Photoacoustic or optoacoustic spectroscopy, which detects the absorption of a pulsed laser in a cell by the pressure pulses generated when the light energy is degraded to heat, which is claimed to have sensitivities of 0.4 ppb for nitric oxide and 5 ppb for ethylene, and which can measure the absorption spectra of solids and dusts. ... 

In a shallow aquifer material, ethylene dibromide aerobically degraded to carbon dioxide, microbial biomass, and nonvolatile water-soluble compound(s) (Pignatello, 1987). 

Abeles and associates showed that when dioldehydratase (Table 16-1) catalyzes the conversion of l,2-[l-3H]propanediol to propionaldehyde, tritium appears in the coenzyme as well as in the final product. When 3H-containing coenzyme is incubated with unlabeled propanediol, the product also contains 3H, which was shown by chemical degradation to be exclusively on C-5 . Synthetic 5 -deoxyadenosyl coenzyme containing 3H in the 5 position transferred 3H to product. Most important, using a mixture of propanediol and ethylene glycol, a small amount of inter-molecular transfer was demonstrated that is, 3H was transferred into acetaldehyde, the product of dehydration of ethylene glycol. Similar results were also obtained with ethanolamine ammonia-lyase 399... 

Methionine is the major precursor in the biochemical pathway to ethylene (9). Ethylene is formed from carbons 3 and 4 of methionine which is degraded in reactions possibly involving free radicals and oxygen (9). Recently Adams and Yang (10,11) identified S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) as intermediates in the pathway from methionine to ethylene. The sequence of reactions in the pathway... 

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