Degradants butorphanol

HPLC coupled to an ES-MS was used to elucidate the stucture of a number of degradants in butorphanoP following its storage in aqueous solution. Figure 9.38 shows the LC-MS profile of the degradants which were detected in butorphanol. 

The fragment in Figure 9.40 was characteristic of the nucleus of the molecule and provided an important pointer in the elucidation of structure of the other degradants. By comparison with mass spectrum obtained for butorphanol, the degradants shown in Figure 9.41 were found to be present. 

Volk and co-workers described the use of LC/MS approaches for the identification of butorphanol degradants present in LTSS samples... 

Figure 6.43 Degradation pathway for butorphanol tartrate in long-term stability samples (LTSS). The dashed area indicates the substructure involved in the proposed ring contraction. (Reprinted with permission from Volk et al., 1996. Copyright 1996 Elsevier.)...

TABLE 6.20 Butorphanol degradants from long-term stability storage of an aqueous formulation identified with LC/MS and template structure analysis... 

Volk, K. J. Klohr, S. E. Rourick, R. A. Kerns, E. H. Lee, M. S. 1996. Profiling impurities and degradants of butorphanol tartrate using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry substructural techniques. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 14,1663-1674. 

Degradation products of butorphanol identified by electrospray LC-MS-MS strategies [68]... 

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