Decorating before

The use of sheet material also allows decorating before container fabrication instead of after, with fewer limitations than for processes applicable to finished containers. Furthermore this enables the decoration to be carried right up to junctions and around curvatures which would otherwise be difficult, if not impossible, to decorate. 

Injection-molded articles can be decorated by in-mold labeling or by post-mold decoration. In the former method, printed film is inserted into the mold cavity before injection. The plastic forms an intimate contact with the graphic material. Post-mold decoration includes hot stamping, dry offset printing, and decal printing. 

The term paint is normally used to describe the liquid material before application and coating after it has been applied, dried and cured. Organic-based coatings form the largest use for protection and decoration, and these can vary widely in properties and characteristics, ranging in thickness from a few microns to several millimeters. The term coating is not confined to thick films. 

The implantation of hydrogen into silicon or crystal growth in a hydrogen atmosphere introduces vibrational bands that have been ascribed to lattice defects decorated with hydrogen. While IR experiments were begun —10 years before similar studies of passivated shallow impurities, the structures of the complexes that result from H+ implantation are not well understood. This subject has been reviewed previously by Pearton et al. (1987, 1989). Here, the central experimental results will be summarized. A recent uniaxial stress study (Bech Nielsen etal., 1989) of several of the vibrational features will be discussed in Section IV.3. 

Fig. 5.16 (a) (i) Schematic of the electrochemical coating of SWCNT connected cathode from a sacrificial silver cathode with SEM images (ii) before and (iii) after Ag NP decoration, (b) Examples of fractal patterns possible with continued deposition, arrows indicate original position of SWCNT. Scale bar in all SEM images represent 1 pm. Altered and reproduced with permission from [217],... 

Some important everyday items that are made from polymers with widely different properties Include billiard balls, plastic dishes, soda bottles, barrier and decorative films, egg cartons, polymeric drinking glasses, foam seats, and automotive tires. These applications for synthetic polymers have developed over about 150 years. As shown in Table 2.1, modern polymer material science and technology can be traced back to as early as 1770 [1]. Some Important advances In the understanding of polymer production were developed before World War II. 

Disregarding for a moment the bright and dark bands that decorate the spectrum of a heavenly body at specific wavelengths, the overall hue of that spectrum can tell us the surface temperature of the object. A blue star is thus hotter than a yellow one, and a yellow star is hotter than a red one. The Sun is hotter at the surface than the red star Antares, which in turn stands as a torrid desert before the brown dwarfs or interstellar clouds. The stars go red with cold. 

Although mercury is known from early times and was used hy alchemists, its first modern scientific applications date hack to 1643 when Torricelli used it in the barometer to measure pressure and about eight decades later Fahrenheit used it in the thermometer to measure temperature. Before this, mercury s use was confined to decorative work, gold extraction and medicines. The element was named after the planet mercury and its symbol Hg is taken from the Latin word hydrargyrum, which means hquid silver. 

Figure 6.2-7 Cyclic voltammogram of CuCI in acidic [BMIMj cr/AICIs on Au(l 11) three UPD processes are observed, correlated with decoration of Au steps by copper, formation of an 8x8 superstructure followed by a Cu monolayer. Before the bulk deposition a second monolayer grows together with clusters...

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